Alar fascia

Alar Fascia

Illustration of the alar fascia and surrounding structures.

The alar fascia is a thin layer of connective tissue located in the neck. It is part of the deep cervical fascia and plays a crucial role in separating and supporting various anatomical structures within the neck.

Anatomy

The alar fascia is situated between the prevertebral fascia and the buccopharyngeal fascia. It extends from the base of the skull to the level of the second thoracic vertebra. The fascia is positioned anterior to the prevertebral muscles and posterior to the pharynx.

Attachments

The alar fascia attaches superiorly to the clivus of the occipital bone and inferiorly blends with the fascia covering the esophagus and the trachea. Laterally, it merges with the carotid sheath, which encloses the common carotid artery, internal jugular vein, and vagus nerve.

Relations

The alar fascia is closely related to several important structures in the neck. Anteriorly, it is adjacent to the retropharyngeal space, a potential space that can become clinically significant in cases of infection or abscess formation. Posteriorly, it is in contact with the prevertebral space, which contains the prevertebral muscles and the cervical vertebrae.

Function

The primary function of the alar fascia is to provide a supportive framework for the neck's soft tissues. It helps to compartmentalize the neck, limiting the spread of infections and providing a pathway for neurovascular structures. The fascia also contributes to the stability of the cervical spine by anchoring the prevertebral muscles.

Clinical Significance

The alar fascia is of clinical importance due to its role in the spread of infections. Infections in the retropharyngeal space can potentially spread to the mediastinum through the alar fascia, leading to serious complications. Understanding the anatomy of the alar fascia is essential for surgeons and clinicians dealing with neck pathologies.

Related Pages

• Deep cervical fascia
• Retropharyngeal space
• Prevertebral fascia
• Carotid sheath