Rectus sheath hematoma
Rectus Sheath Hematoma
Rectus Sheath Hematoma (pronunciation: REK-tus SHEETH hee-muh-TOH-muh) is a rare, but potentially severe, anatomical condition that involves the accumulation of blood within the rectus sheath. This condition is often caused by damage to the superior or inferior epigastric arteries, which supply blood to the rectus abdominis muscles.
Etymology
The term "Rectus Sheath Hematoma" is derived from Latin and Greek roots. "Rectus" is Latin for "straight," referring to the straight muscle in the abdomen. "Sheath" is derived from the Old English "sceath," meaning a protective covering, in this case referring to the fibrous structure enclosing the rectus abdominis muscle. "Hematoma" is derived from the Greek words "haima" (blood) and "toma" (swelling), thus describing a swelling of clotted blood.
Causes
Rectus Sheath Hematoma can be caused by a variety of factors, including trauma, strenuous physical activity, or medical procedures such as surgery or anticoagulation therapy. It can also occur spontaneously in individuals with certain risk factors, such as pregnancy, obesity, and hypertension.
Symptoms
Symptoms of Rectus Sheath Hematoma can vary, but often include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and a palpable abdominal mass. In severe cases, it can lead to hypovolemic shock due to significant blood loss.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of Rectus Sheath Hematoma typically involves a combination of physical examination, medical history, and imaging studies such as ultrasound or computed tomography (CT) scan.
Treatment
Treatment for Rectus Sheath Hematoma often involves conservative management, including bed rest, pain management, and monitoring of hemoglobin levels. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary.
Related Terms
- Hematoma
- Rectus abdominis muscle
- Superior epigastric artery
- Inferior epigastric artery
- Hypovolemic shock
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Rectus sheath hematoma
- Wikipedia's article - Rectus sheath hematoma
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