Rathke's cleft cyst

Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
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Rathke's cleft cyst
Synonyms	RCC
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Headache, visual disturbances, hormonal imbalance
Complications	Hypopituitarism, diabetes insipidus
Onset	Usually adulthood
Duration	Chronic
Types	N/A
Causes	Developmental anomaly
Risks	None specifically identified
Diagnosis	MRI, CT scan
Differential diagnosis	Pituitary adenoma, craniopharyngioma
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Surgical resection, observation
Medication	None specific, symptomatic treatment
Prognosis	Generally good with treatment
Frequency	Rare
Deaths	N/A

Rathke's cleft cyst is a benign cyst that is found in the pituitary gland in the brain. It is named after Martin Rathke, a German anatomist who first described the Rathke's pouch, from which the cyst develops.

Anatomy

The pituitary gland is a small, pea-sized gland located at the base of the brain. It is responsible for producing and releasing a variety of hormones that regulate many bodily functions. The Rathke's cleft cyst develops from a remnant of the Rathke's pouch, an embryonic structure that contributes to the development of the pituitary gland.

Symptoms

The symptoms of a Rathke's cleft cyst can vary depending on its size and location. Some people with a Rathke's cleft cyst may not experience any symptoms. However, if the cyst grows large enough, it can compress the pituitary gland and cause hormonal imbalances. Symptoms can include headaches, vision problems, hormonal imbalances, and pituitary dysfunction.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of a Rathke's cleft cyst typically involves imaging tests such as MRI or CT scan. These tests can help to visualize the cyst and determine its size and location. In some cases, a biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment

Treatment for a Rathke's cleft cyst depends on the size of the cyst and the severity of the symptoms. If the cyst is small and not causing any symptoms, no treatment may be necessary. However, if the cyst is large and causing symptoms, treatment options can include surgery, radiation therapy, or medication to manage the symptoms.

See also

• Pituitary gland
• Cyst
• Hormones
• MRI
• CT scan

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