Perinatal stroke

Perinatal stroke refers to a stroke that occurs in the time period spanning from 28 weeks of gestation through the first 28 days of life. This is a significant cause of cerebral palsy and lifelong neurological disability.

Definition

A perinatal stroke is a cerebrovascular accident that happens between the 28th week of gestation through the 28th day after birth. This can result in long-term complications, such as cerebral palsy, epilepsy, and cognitive impairments.

Causes

The exact causes of perinatal stroke are not fully understood. However, it is believed that a combination of maternal, placental, and fetal factors contribute to the risk. These may include infection, inflammation, thrombophilia, and genetic disorders.

Symptoms

Symptoms of perinatal stroke may not be immediately apparent. They often become noticeable as the child grows and misses developmental milestones. Symptoms may include seizures, muscle weakness, and developmental delay.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of perinatal stroke often involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and imaging tests such as MRI or CT scan.

Treatment

Treatment for perinatal stroke is largely supportive and may include physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy. Medications may be used to manage symptoms such as seizures.

Prognosis

The prognosis for perinatal stroke varies widely. Some children may have minimal neurological deficits, while others may experience significant lifelong disability.

See also

• Neonatal stroke
• Pediatric stroke
• Cerebral palsy
• Epilepsy

External links

• Perinatal Stroke: Understanding the Neurologic Outcome (PubMed Central)
• Perinatal Stroke (American Stroke Association)

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  Ischemic stroke illustration
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  Neural activity during a seizure
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  MRI of a stroke
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  Decompressive craniectomy