Patellofemoral pain syndrome

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Patellofemoral pain syndrome
Synonyms	Runner's knee
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	Sports medicine, Orthopedics
Symptoms	Knee pain, pain with activities such as running, squatting, and climbing stairs
Complications	N/A
Onset
Duration
Types
Causes	Overuse, muscle imbalance, trauma
Risks	Overweight, flat feet, high arches, muscle weakness
Diagnosis	Physical examination, imaging
Differential diagnosis	Patellar tendinitis, Osteoarthritis, Meniscus tear
Prevention	Strength training, stretching, proper footwear
Treatment	Physical therapy, rest, ice, pain relievers
Medication	NSAIDs
Prognosis	Generally good with treatment
Frequency	Common in athletes and active individuals
Deaths	N/A

Anatomy of the Vastus medialis muscle

Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS), also known as runner's knee, is a condition characterized by pain in the front of the knee and around the patella, or kneecap. It is common in people who participate in sports, particularly running and jumping sports.

Causes

PFPS is caused by imbalances in the forces controlling patellar tracking during knee flexion and extension, particularly with overloading of the patellofemoral joint. Overuse, injury, excess weight, a kneecap that is not properly aligned (patellar tracking disorder), and changes under the kneecap can cause wear and tear of the cartilage and pain in the front of the knee.

Symptoms

The primary symptom of PFPS is a dull, aching pain in the front of the knee. This pain can be aggravated by walking, running, squatting, climbing or descending stairs, sitting with the knee bent for long periods, or by direct pressure to the patella.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of PFPS is typically based on the characteristic symptoms and examination findings. Imaging tests such as X-rays, CT scans, and MRI scans may be used to rule out other conditions that can cause similar symptoms.

Treatment

Treatment of PFPS typically involves a combination of rest, physical therapy, and pain management. Physical therapy exercises can help to improve flexibility, strength, and balance, which can help to improve patellar tracking and reduce pain. Pain management may include over-the-counter pain relievers, ice, and occasionally corticosteroid injections.

Prevention

Prevention strategies for PFPS include maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding activities that cause pain, wearing appropriate footwear, warming up before physical activities, and incorporating strength training and flexibility exercises into regular workouts.

See also

• Knee pain
• Knee osteoarthritis
• Patellar tracking disorder
• Physical therapy

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