Parabrachial nuclei

Parabrachial nuclei is a collection of nuclei in the pons region of the brainstem. The parabrachial nuclei are a critical part of the brain's sensory and homeostatic regulatory systems, particularly in the processing of taste and visceral sensory information.

Etymology

The term "parabrachial" is derived from the Latin "para" meaning "beside" and "brachium" meaning "arm". This refers to the location of the parabrachial nuclei next to the superior cerebellar peduncle, also known as the brachium conjunctivum.

Anatomy

The parabrachial nuclei are located in the dorsolateral pons, adjacent to the superior cerebellar peduncle. They are divided into two main regions: the medial parabrachial nucleus and the lateral parabrachial nucleus. Each of these regions contains several subnuclei with distinct connections and functions.

Function

The parabrachial nuclei play a key role in the processing of sensory information. They receive input from several sources, including the nucleus of the solitary tract, the spinal trigeminal nucleus, and the ventral posteromedial nucleus of the thalamus. The parabrachial nuclei are involved in the regulation of respiration, cardiovascular function, pain perception, thermoregulation, and feeding behavior.

Clinical significance

Damage to the parabrachial nuclei can result in a variety of neurological and psychiatric disorders, including sleep apnea, chronic pain, anxiety disorders, and eating disorders. Research into the parabrachial nuclei may lead to new treatments for these conditions.

See also

• Pons
• Brainstem
• Nucleus of the solitary tract
• Spinal trigeminal nucleus
• Ventral posteromedial nucleus

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