P2Y12

P2Y12 is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that is found on the surface of platelet cells. It is part of the Purinergic receptor family of GPCRs, which are activated by adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). P2Y12 plays a crucial role in the process of blood clotting and thrombosis.

Function

P2Y12 is primarily involved in the regulation of platelet activation and aggregation. When ADP binds to the P2Y12 receptor, it triggers a series of intracellular signaling events that result in the activation of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa, a receptor that allows platelets to bind to fibrinogen and aggregate. This process is essential for the formation of a stable blood clot.

Clinical significance

Due to its role in platelet activation and aggregation, P2Y12 is a target for antiplatelet therapy. Drugs that inhibit the P2Y12 receptor, such as clopidogrel, prasugrel, and ticagrelor, are used to prevent thrombosis in patients with coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease, and those undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Pharmacology

P2Y12 inhibitors work by blocking the binding of ADP to the P2Y12 receptor, thereby preventing platelet activation and aggregation. These drugs are commonly used in the management of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and in the prevention of stent thrombosis after PCI.

See also

• P2Y receptor
• Platelet
• Thrombosis
• Antiplatelet therapy

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