Neuroendocrinology
Neuroendocrinology
Neuroendocrinology (/ˌnʊəroʊˌɛndəkrɪˈnɒlədʒi/) is the branch of biology (specifically of endocrinology) that studies the interaction between the nervous system and the endocrine system, that is how the brain regulates the hormonal activity in the body.
Etymology
The term "neuroendocrinology" originates from the combination of neuro, from the Greek νεῦρον (neûron), meaning "nerve" and endocrinology, from the Greek words ἔνδον (éndon, 'within'), κρίνω (krínō, 'to separate'), and -λογία (-logia, 'study of').
Overview
The nervous and endocrine systems often act together in a process called neuroendocrine integration, to regulate the physiological processes of the human body. Neuroendocrinology arose from the recognition that the brain, especially the hypothalamus, controls secretion of pituitary gland hormones, and has subsequently expanded to investigate numerous interconnections of the endocrine and nervous systems.
Related Terms
- Neuroendocrine cells: Cells that receive neuronal input and, as a consequence of this input, release message molecules (hormones) to the blood.
- Neuroendocrine tumors: A heterogeneous group of neoplasms that are either benign or malignant, which arise from cells of the endocrine and nervous system.
- Neuroendocrine system: The system of cells that have traits of both neurons and endocrine cells, often used to refer to the neuroendocrine cells in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Neuroendocrinology
- Wikipedia's article - Neuroendocrinology
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