MAP

MAP or Mitogen-Activated Protein kinases are a type of protein kinase that are specific to the amino acids serine and threonine. They are involved in directing cellular responses to a diverse array of stimuli, such as mitogens, osmotic stress, heat shock and proinflammatory cytokines. They regulate cell functions including proliferation, gene expression, differentiation, mitosis, cell survival, and apoptosis.

Function

MAP kinases are involved in directing cellular responses to a diverse array of stimuli, such as mitogens, osmotic stress, heat shock and proinflammatory cytokines. They regulate cell functions including proliferation, gene expression, differentiation, mitosis, cell survival, and apoptosis.

Types

There are several types of MAP kinases, including ERK, JNK, and p38. Each of these is involved in a specific cellular response.

ERK

ERK or Extracellular signal–regulated kinases are a type of MAP kinase that is involved in the regulation of meiosis, mitosis, and postmitotic functions in differentiated cells.

JNK

JNK or c-Jun N-terminal kinases are a type of MAP kinase that is involved in the regulation of apoptosis and inflammatory responses.

p38

p38 MAP kinases are a type of MAP kinase that is involved in the regulation of cellular responses to cytokines and stress.

See also

• Protein kinase
• Mitogen
• Cell proliferation
• Gene expression
• Cell differentiation
• Mitosis
• Apoptosis

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