Lauric acid

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Lauric_acid.svg

Saturated fatty acid


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Lauric acid, also known by its systematic name dodecanoic acid, is a saturated fatty acid with a 12-carbon atom chain. It is a white, powdery solid with a faint odor of bay oil or soap. Lauric acid is notable for its use in the production of soaps and cosmetics, as well as its presence in various vegetable oils and animal fats.

Chemical Properties

Lauric acid has the chemical formula C12H24O2. It is characterized by a carboxyl group (-COOH) attached to a 12-carbon long alkyl chain. This structure classifies it as a medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA). Lauric acid is relatively insoluble in water but can dissolve in organic solvents such as ethanol, ether, chloroform, and benzene.

Sources

Lauric acid is found in high concentrations in coconut oil and palm kernel oil. It is also present in human breast milk, cow's milk, and goat's milk. These sources make lauric acid an important component of the human diet, particularly in regions where coconut oil is a staple food.

Uses

Lauric acid is widely used in the cosmetics and soap industries due to its ability to produce a hard, stable lather. It is also used in the manufacture of detergents, shampoos, and household cleaners. In the food industry, lauric acid is used as a food additive and preservative.

Health Effects

Lauric acid has been studied for its potential health benefits. It is known to have antimicrobial properties, which can help in fighting off various pathogens. Additionally, it is believed to have a positive effect on cholesterol levels by increasing the amount of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in the blood.

See Also

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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD