Keratohyalin

Keratohyalin is a protein that exists in the granular layer of the epidermis. It is a key component in the process of skin keratinization, which is the transformation of the epidermis cells into keratinocytes.

Structure

Keratohyalin is found in the form of granules in the cytoplasm of the cells in the granular layer of the epidermis. These granules are irregularly shaped and vary in size. They are rich in histidine- and cysteine-containing proteins, which are precursors to the formation of filaggrin and keratin.

Function

The primary function of keratohyalin is to aid in the process of keratinization. It does this by binding with keratin intermediate filaments in the cells of the epidermis. This binding process helps to align the keratin filaments in an orderly, parallel arrangement.

Keratohyalin also plays a role in the formation of the skin's natural barrier. It helps to form a protective layer on the surface of the skin that prevents the loss of moisture and protects against environmental damage.

Clinical significance

Abnormalities in the keratohyalin granules can lead to skin disorders. For example, a decrease in the number of keratohyalin granules is associated with ichthyosis vulgaris, a common skin disorder characterized by dry, scaly skin.

See also

• Epidermis (skin)
• Keratin
• Keratinocyte
• Ichthyosis vulgaris

References

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External links

• Keratohyalin at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)