Fetal hypoxia
Fetal Hypoxia
Fetal hypoxia (pronounced: fee-tal hy-pox-ia) is a medical condition that occurs when a fetus does not receive sufficient oxygen. This can lead to a variety of complications, including brain damage, heart failure, and stillbirth.
Etymology
The term "fetal hypoxia" is derived from the Greek words "fetus" meaning offspring, and "hypoxia" meaning lack of oxygen.
Causes
Fetal hypoxia can be caused by a variety of factors, including:
- Placental insufficiency: This occurs when the placenta does not function properly, preventing the fetus from receiving enough oxygen.
- Umbilical cord complications: Problems with the umbilical cord, such as a knot or a cord wrapped around the baby's neck, can restrict oxygen flow.
- Maternal health issues: Conditions such as high blood pressure, diabetes, and heart disease in the mother can affect the oxygen supply to the fetus.
Symptoms
Symptoms of fetal hypoxia can include:
- Decreased fetal movement
- Low heart rate
- Meconium in the amniotic fluid
Diagnosis
Fetal hypoxia can be diagnosed through a variety of tests, including:
- Fetal heart rate monitoring: This test measures the baby's heart rate and rhythm.
- Ultrasound: This imaging test can show if the baby is getting enough oxygen.
- Biophysical profile: This test combines an ultrasound with a fetal heart rate monitor to assess the baby's well-being.
Treatment
Treatment for fetal hypoxia depends on the cause and severity of the condition. It can include:
- Emergency C-section: If the baby is not getting enough oxygen, an emergency C-section may be necessary.
- Medication: Certain medications can improve the flow of oxygen to the fetus.
- Delivery: If the baby is full-term and the hypoxia is severe, delivery may be the best option.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Fetal hypoxia
- Wikipedia's article - Fetal hypoxia
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