Fenethylline

A synthetic stimulant drug

Fenethylline
Chemical nomenclature
IUPAC name	7-(2-aminoethyl)-theophylline
Identifiers
CAS Number	3736-08-1
PubChem	8288
ChemSpider	7987
UNII	0C7V1R5F14
KEGG	D07966
ChEMBL	2104664
Chemical data
Chemical formula	C18H23N5O3
Molecular weight	341.41 g/mol

Fenethylline, also known as fenetylline and by the brand name Captagon, is a synthetic stimulant that was first synthesized in the 1960s. It is a combination of amphetamine and theophylline, and it was originally used as a treatment for conditions such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy.

Pharmacology

Fenethylline is metabolized by the body into its active components, amphetamine and theophylline. Amphetamine is a potent central nervous system stimulant that increases the release of neurotransmitters such as dopamine and norepinephrine, leading to increased alertness, concentration, and energy. Theophylline is a methylxanthine drug that acts as a bronchodilator and has mild stimulant effects.

Medical Use

Originally, fenethylline was prescribed for the treatment of ADHD, narcolepsy, and, in some cases, depression. It was favored for its perceived lower side effect profile compared to other stimulants. However, due to its potential for abuse and addiction, fenethylline was eventually banned in most countries.

Abuse and Illicit Use

Fenethylline has gained notoriety as a drug of abuse, particularly in the Middle East. It is often manufactured illegally and sold under the brand name Captagon. The drug is popular among certain groups due to its ability to enhance physical performance and reduce fatigue, making it a drug of choice in conflict zones.

Legal Status

Fenethylline is classified as a controlled substance in many countries. It is listed as a Schedule I drug under the United Nations Convention on Psychotropic Substances, indicating that it is considered to have a high potential for abuse and no accepted medical use.

Synthesis

The synthesis of fenethylline involves the chemical combination of amphetamine and theophylline. The process requires careful control of reaction conditions to ensure the correct formation of the compound. Due to its potential for abuse, the synthesis of fenethylline is heavily regulated.

Related pages

• Amphetamine
• Theophylline
• Stimulant
• Controlled substance

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