Exoenzyme
Exoenzyme
Exoenzyme (pronounced: ex-o-en-zyme) is a type of enzyme that is secreted by a cell and functions outside of that cell.
Etymology
The term "exoenzyme" is derived from the Greek words "exo", meaning "outside", and "enzyme", which is itself derived from "en zyme", meaning "in yeast".
Definition
Exoenzymes are enzymes that are secreted by a cell and work outside of that cell. They are produced by both prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells. These enzymes are involved in a variety of biological processes, including digestion, decomposition, and infection.
Function
Exoenzymes play a crucial role in the survival and virulence of certain bacteria. They help bacteria to break down complex molecules in the environment into simpler substances that can be absorbed and used by the bacteria. Some exoenzymes are also involved in the process of infection, helping bacteria to invade host tissues.
Types of Exoenzymes
There are several types of exoenzymes, including:
- Hydrolases: These exoenzymes catalyze the hydrolysis of various compounds.
- Lipases: These exoenzymes break down fats into glycerol and fatty acids.
- Proteases: These exoenzymes break down proteins into amino acids.
- Amylases: These exoenzymes break down starch into sugars.
Related Terms
- Endoenzyme: An enzyme that functions within the cell in which it was produced.
- Enzyme: A protein that catalyzes chemical reactions.
- Hydrolase: A type of enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of a chemical bond.
- Lipase: An enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of fats.
- Protease: An enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of proteins.
- Amylase: An enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of starch.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Exoenzyme
- Wikipedia's article - Exoenzyme
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