Empyema

Empyema

Empyema (/ɛmpaɪˈiːmə/), also known as pyothorax or purulent pleuritis, is a medical condition characterized by the accumulation of pus in the pleural cavity.

Etymology

The term "empyema" is derived from the Greek word "empyēma", meaning "abscess".

Definition

Empyema is a condition where pus, a thick fluid containing dead tissue, bacteria, and white blood cells, accumulates in the pleural cavity, the space between the lung and the inner surface of the chest wall. This condition often occurs as a complication of pneumonia.

Symptoms

Symptoms of empyema may include chest pain, fever, shortness of breath, and cough. These symptoms are often similar to those of pneumonia, which can make diagnosis challenging.

Causes

Empyema is usually caused by a bacterial infection in the lung, often following pneumonia or a chest surgery. The most common bacteria causing empyema are Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of empyema usually involves imaging tests such as a chest X-ray or CT scan, and laboratory tests of the pleural fluid.

Treatment

Treatment of empyema usually involves antibiotics to fight the infection, and drainage of the pus from the pleural cavity. In severe cases, surgery may be required.

Related Terms

• Pleural cavity
• Pneumonia
• Pleural effusion
• Pleural fluid
• Pleural space
• Pleural disease
• Pleural infection

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Empyema
• Wikipedia's article - Empyema

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