Destructive distillation
Destructive Distillation is a chemical process that involves the thermal decomposition of organic substances. It is a method often used in chemistry to break down complex substances into simpler ones.
Pronunciation
Destructive Distillation: /dɪˈstrʌktɪv dɪsˈtɪleɪʃən/
Etymology
The term "Destructive Distillation" is derived from the Latin words "destruere" meaning "to tear down" and "distillare" meaning "to trickle down in small drops". It refers to the process of breaking down complex substances into simpler ones through heat.
Process
Destructive distillation involves heating a substance to a high temperature in the absence of air or in a limited supply of air. The heat causes the substance to break down into simpler substances, which are then collected and separated. This process is often used in the production of charcoal, gasoline, and other fuels.
Related Terms
- Thermal decomposition: The process of breaking down a compound by heating it.
- Pyrolysis: The thermal decomposition of materials at elevated temperatures in an inert atmosphere.
- Carbonization: The process of converting organic substances into carbon or a carbon-containing residue through pyrolysis or destructive distillation.
- Cracking (chemistry): The process of breaking down large, complex molecules into smaller, more useful ones.
Applications
Destructive distillation has a wide range of applications in various industries. It is used in the production of coke, a fuel with few impurities and a high carbon content. It is also used in the production of gasoline and other fuels. In the chemical industry, destructive distillation is used to produce chemicals such as methanol, acetone, and phenol.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Destructive distillation
- Wikipedia's article - Destructive distillation
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