Pralidoxime

Pralidoxime is a medication primarily used as an antidote in the treatment of organophosphate poisoning. It is often used together with atropine and diazepam. It is given by injection into a vein or muscle.

Mechanism of Action

Pralidoxime works by reactivating acetylcholinesterase that has been inactivated by an organophosphate, thus allowing normal function of the nervous system to return.

Uses

Pralidoxime is used in the treatment of poisoning by organophosphates, which are often found in pesticides and nerve gases. It is most effective when used early in the treatment process, and is often used in conjunction with other treatments such as atropine and diazepam.

Side Effects

Common side effects of pralidoxime include nausea, headache, dizziness, and vision problems. More serious side effects can include respiratory failure, high blood pressure, and heart problems.

Contraindications

Pralidoxime should not be used in people who are allergic to it, or in those who have certain types of glaucoma, heart disease, or kidney disease.

History

Pralidoxime was first made in the 1950s and is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system.

See Also

• Organophosphate poisoning
• Atropine
• Diazepam
• Acetylcholinesterase

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