Conditioning
Conditioning
Conditioning (/kənˈdɪʃənɪŋ/) is a process in psychology that involves learning and behavior modification through the use of stimuli and responses. The term is derived from the Latin word 'condicio', which means 'condition' or 'situation'.
Types of Conditioning
There are two main types of conditioning: Classical Conditioning and Operant Conditioning.
Classical Conditioning
Classical Conditioning is a learning process in which an innate response to a potent stimulus is transferred to a previously neutral stimulus. This concept was first introduced by the Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov.
Operant Conditioning
Operant Conditioning, on the other hand, is a method of learning that employs rewards and punishments for behavior. It was first proposed by the American psychologist B.F. Skinner.
Related Terms
- Stimulus: Any object or event that elicits a sensory or behavioral response in an organism.
- Response: A reaction to a specific stimulus.
- Reinforcement: In operant conditioning, a reinforcement is any event that strengthens or increases the behavior it follows.
- Punishment: An event that decreases the behavior that it follows.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Conditioning
- Wikipedia's article - Conditioning
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