Complete glucose breakdown
Complete Glucose Breakdown
Complete glucose breakdown (pronunciation: /kəmˈpliːt ˈɡluːkoʊs ˈbreɪkdaʊn/) is a biological process that involves the complete oxidation of glucose to produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The process is essential for all living organisms as it provides the energy required for various cellular activities.
Etymology
The term "complete glucose breakdown" is derived from the English words "complete" (meaning total or full), "glucose" (a type of sugar), and "breakdown" (meaning decomposition or disintegration).
Process
Complete glucose breakdown occurs in several stages, including glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation.
- Glycolysis is the first stage of glucose breakdown, which occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell. It involves the conversion of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate, producing a net gain of two ATP molecules and two nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) molecules.
- The Krebs cycle, also known as the citric acid cycle or tricarboxylic acid cycle, is the second stage of glucose breakdown. It occurs in the mitochondria of the cell and involves the oxidation of pyruvate to produce carbon dioxide, ATP, NADH, and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FADH2).
- Oxidative phosphorylation is the final stage of glucose breakdown. It involves the transfer of electrons from NADH and FADH2 through the electron transport chain to produce ATP and water.
Related Terms
- Glycolysis
- Krebs cycle
- Oxidative phosphorylation
- Glucose
- Pyruvate
- Adenosine triphosphate
- Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
- Flavin adenine dinucleotide
- Electron transport chain
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Complete glucose breakdown
- Wikipedia's article - Complete glucose breakdown
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