Cardiac index
Cardiac Index
The Cardiac Index (kahr-dee-ak in-deks) is a hemodynamic parameter that measures the cardiac output of a person, adjusted according to their body surface area (BSA). It is used to assess the functionality of the heart and the circulatory system.
Etymology
The term "Cardiac Index" is derived from the Latin cardia, meaning "heart", and the Latin index, meaning "indicator" or "pointer".
Definition
The Cardiac Index is calculated by dividing the Cardiac Output (the volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute) by the person's Body Surface Area (BSA). It is usually measured in litres per minute per square meter (L/min/m²).
Normal Values
Normal values for the Cardiac Index range from 2.5 to 4.0 L/min/m². Values below 2.2 L/min/m² may indicate Cardiac Insufficiency or Heart Failure, while values above 4.0 L/min/m² may suggest a hyperdynamic state, such as Septic Shock or Anemia.
Related Terms
- Cardiac Output: The volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute.
- Body Surface Area (BSA): The total surface area of the human body.
- Cardiac Insufficiency: A condition where the heart is unable to pump sufficient blood to meet the body's needs.
- Heart Failure: A chronic condition where the heart doesn't pump blood as well as it should.
- Septic Shock: A severe infection that causes low blood pressure and organ failure.
- Anemia: A condition marked by a deficiency of red blood cells or of hemoglobin in the blood.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Cardiac index
- Wikipedia's article - Cardiac index
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