Carboxyl

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Carboxyl

Carboxyl (/kɑːrˈbɒksɪl/; from carbon and oxygen) is a functional group consisting of a carbon atom double bonded to an oxygen atom and single bonded to a hydroxyl group. The term "carboxyl" is derived from the French "carb" meaning coal and "ox" meaning acid.

Structure and properties

The carboxyl group is characterized by the presence of a carbon atom double bonded to an oxygen atom (C=O) and single bonded to a hydroxyl group (-OH). This structure imparts certain chemical properties to compounds containing a carboxyl group, including acidity and the ability to form polymeric structures.

Occurrence

Carboxyl groups are widely distributed in nature, being found in a variety of organic compounds, including fatty acids, amino acids, and carbohydrates. They play a crucial role in many biological processes, such as the formation of proteins and the regulation of metabolic pathways.

Related terms

  • Carboxylic acid: An organic compound that contains a carboxyl group. The simplest carboxylic acid is formic acid.
  • Ester: A compound derived from a carboxylic acid and an alcohol.
  • Amide: A compound derived from a carboxylic acid and an amine.
  • Anhydride: A compound derived from two carboxylic acids by dehydration.

See also

External links

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