Canine vector-borne disease

Diseases transmitted to dogs by vectors such as ticks, fleas, and mosquitoes

Canine vector-borne diseases (CVBDs) are a group of infectious diseases that affect dogs and are transmitted by arthropod vectors such as ticks, fleas, mosquitoes, and sandflies. These diseases can have significant health impacts on dogs and can sometimes be transmitted to humans, posing a zoonotic risk.

Common Canine Vector-Borne Diseases

Lyme Disease

Lyme disease is caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi and is transmitted by Ixodes ticks, commonly known as deer ticks. Symptoms in dogs can include fever, lameness, and swollen joints.

Ehrlichiosis

Ehrlichiosis is caused by bacteria of the genus Ehrlichia, transmitted by the brown dog tick (Rhipicephalus sanguineus). It can cause fever, lethargy, and bleeding disorders in dogs.

Anaplasmosis

Anaplasmosis is caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Anaplasma platys, transmitted by ticks. Symptoms include fever, joint pain, and lethargy.

Babesiosis

Babesiosis is caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Babesia, transmitted by ticks. It can lead to hemolytic anemia, jaundice, and fever in dogs.

Leishmaniasis

Leishmaniasis is caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania, transmitted by sandflies. It can cause skin lesions, weight loss, and organ damage in dogs.

Heartworm Disease

Heartworm disease is caused by the parasitic worm Dirofilaria immitis, transmitted by mosquitoes. It affects the heart and lungs, leading to coughing, fatigue, and heart failure.

Transmission and Prevention

CVBDs are primarily transmitted through the bite of infected vectors. Preventive measures include the use of tick and flea control products, mosquito repellents, and regular veterinary check-ups. Vaccinations are available for some diseases, such as Lyme disease.

Diagnosis and Treatment

Diagnosis of CVBDs often involves serological tests, PCR testing, and clinical evaluation. Treatment varies depending on the disease but may include antibiotics, antiparasitic drugs, and supportive care.

Impact on Human Health

Some CVBDs, such as Lyme disease and leishmaniasis, can be transmitted to humans, making them important zoonotic diseases. Preventing these diseases in dogs can help reduce the risk to humans.

Related Pages

• Zoonosis
• Tick-borne disease
• Parasitic disease
• Veterinary medicine