CAMP
CAMP
CAMP (pronounced /kæmp/), also known as Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate, is a second messenger important in many biological processes.
Etymology
The term "CAMP" is an acronym derived from the full name, Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate. The term "cyclic" refers to the cyclic chemical structure of the molecule, "adenosine" is a nucleoside consisting of adenine attached to a ribose sugar molecule, and "monophosphate" indicates the presence of a single phosphate group.
Definition
CAMP is a derivative of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and used for intracellular signal transduction in many different organisms, conveying the cAMP-dependent pathway. It is synthesized from ATP by adenylate cyclase located at the cell membrane. It is involved in the activation of protein kinases and regulates the effects of adrenaline and glucagon. CAMP also binds to and regulates the function of ion channels or gateways into the cell.
Related Terms
- Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP): The precursor molecule to CAMP, ATP is a complex organic chemical that provides energy to drive many processes in living cells.
- Adenylate Cyclase: An enzyme with key regulatory roles in essentially all cells. It is the most polyphyletic known enzyme: six distinct classes have been described, all catalyzing the same reaction but representing unrelated gene families with no known sequence or structural homology.
- Protein Kinase: A type of enzyme that transfers phosphate groups from high-energy donor molecules, such as ATP, to specific substrates, a process referred to as phosphorylation.
- Glucagon: A peptide hormone, produced by alpha cells of the pancreas, that raises the concentration of glucose in the bloodstream. Its effect is opposite to that of insulin, which lowers the glucose concentration.
- Adrenaline: Also known as epinephrine, a hormone and medication which is involved in regulating visceral functions (e.g., respiration).
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on CAMP
- Wikipedia's article - CAMP
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