Beta agonists
Beta Agonists
Beta agonists (pronunciation: /ˈbiːtə ˈæɡənɪsts/) are a class of medication that relax the smooth muscles of the airways, which widen the airways and result in easier breathing. They are primarily used in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Etymology
The term "beta agonist" is derived from the Greek word "β" (beta), referring to the second letter of the Greek alphabet, and the English word "agonist", which is derived from the Late Latin word "agonista", meaning contender. In the context of pharmacology, an agonist is a substance that initiates a physiological response when combined with a receptor.
Types of Beta Agonists
Beta agonists can be classified into two main types: short-acting beta agonists (SABAs) and long-acting beta agonists (LABAs).
- Short-acting beta agonists (SABAs) provide quick relief of symptoms and are typically used for immediate relief in an acute episode of shortness of breath. Examples include albuterol and levalbuterol.
- Long-acting beta agonists (LABAs) are used for long-term control and prevention of symptoms. They are typically used in combination with inhaled corticosteroids. Examples include salmeterol and formoterol.
Side Effects
Like all medications, beta agonists can cause side effects. Common side effects include tachycardia (fast heart rate), tremor, and anxiety. Less common but more serious side effects include arrhythmia (irregular heart rhythm) and hypokalemia (low potassium levels).
Related Terms
- Bronchodilator: A type of medication that relaxes and opens the airways in the lungs.
- Receptor: A protein molecule that receives chemical signals from outside a cell.
- Pharmacology: The study of drugs and their effects on the body.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Beta agonists
- Wikipedia's article - Beta agonists
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