Alicyclic compound

Alicyclic compound is a term used in organic chemistry to describe a type of chemical compound that is both aliphatic and cyclic. They contain one or more all-carbon rings which may be either saturated or unsaturated, but do not have aromatic character. Alicyclic compounds may have one or more aliphatic side chains attached.

Structure and Properties

Alicyclic compounds are characterized by their cyclic structure, which is a ring of carbon atoms. This structure can vary in size from three to many atoms, and may be saturated (containing only single bonds) or unsaturated (containing double or triple bonds). The carbon atoms in the ring are sp3 hybridized, similar to aliphatic compounds.

The properties of alicyclic compounds are similar to those of their acyclic (chain-like) counterparts. For example, they exhibit similar reactivity and physical properties. However, the cyclic structure can confer additional stability, particularly in the case of six-membered rings, due to the phenomenon of ring strain.

Examples

Common examples of alicyclic compounds include cyclohexane, cyclopentane, and cyclopropane. These compounds are used in a variety of applications, including as solvents and in the synthesis of other chemicals.

Synthesis

Alicyclic compounds can be synthesized through a variety of methods. One common method is through the cyclization of acyclic precursors, which can be achieved through a variety of methods such as Diels-Alder reaction, Friedel-Crafts reaction, or intramolecular SN2 reaction.

See Also

• Aliphatic compound
• Cyclic compound
• Aromatic compound
• Ring strain

References

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Alicyclic_compound

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  Cyclopropane structure

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  Cyclohexene structures

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  Exocyclic compound