Valsartan

An angiotensin II receptor blocker used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure

Valsartan
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Valsartan is a medication that belongs to a class of drugs known as angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs). It is primarily used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension), heart failure, and to improve survival after a myocardial infarction (heart attack). Valsartan works by blocking the action of angiotensin II, a chemical in the body that causes blood vessels to tighten and narrow. By blocking this action, valsartan helps to relax and widen blood vessels, which lowers blood pressure and improves blood flow.

Medical uses

Valsartan is prescribed for the treatment of high blood pressure, heart failure, and to reduce the risk of death after a heart attack. It is often used in patients who cannot tolerate angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors). Valsartan may be used alone or in combination with other antihypertensive agents.

Hypertension

Valsartan is effective in lowering blood pressure in patients with hypertension. It can be used as a monotherapy or in combination with other antihypertensive medications such as hydrochlorothiazide.

Heart failure

In patients with heart failure, valsartan helps to improve symptoms and reduce hospitalizations. It is often used in conjunction with other heart failure treatments.

Post-myocardial infarction

Valsartan is used to improve survival and reduce the risk of further cardiovascular events in patients who have experienced a heart attack.

Side effects

Common side effects of valsartan include dizziness, viral infections, fatigue, and abdominal pain. Serious side effects may include kidney problems, high blood potassium levels, and low blood pressure. Patients are advised to report any unusual symptoms to their healthcare provider.

Mechanism of action

Valsartan selectively inhibits the binding of angiotensin II to the AT1 receptor, which is found in many tissues, including vascular smooth muscle and the adrenal gland. This inhibition prevents the vasoconstrictor and aldosterone-secreting effects of angiotensin II, leading to a decrease in blood pressure.

Pharmacokinetics

Valsartan is well absorbed after oral administration, with peak plasma concentrations occurring 2 to 4 hours after dosing. It is highly bound to plasma proteins and is primarily excreted in the feces.

History

Valsartan was developed by Novartis and was first approved for medical use in 1996. It is available as a generic medication and is widely used around the world.

Related pages

• Angiotensin II receptor antagonist
• Hypertension
• Heart failure

References

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  Chemical structure of Valsartan
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  3D model of Valsartan
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  Co-Diovan packaging containing Valsartan