Nitroxinil

An anthelmintic drug used in veterinary medicine

Nitroxinil
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Nitroxinil is a chemical compound used as an anthelmintic in veterinary medicine. It is primarily used to treat infections caused by liver flukes and other parasitic worms in livestock.

Chemical properties

Nitroxinil is a halogenated phenol derivative. Its chemical structure includes a nitro group and an iodine atom, which contribute to its anthelmintic properties. The presence of these groups allows nitroxinil to interfere with the metabolic processes of parasites, leading to their death.

Mechanism of action

Nitroxinil works by uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria of parasites. This action disrupts the energy metabolism of the parasites, leading to a depletion of ATP and eventual death. The drug is particularly effective against Fasciola hepatica, the common liver fluke, which affects the liver of various livestock animals.

Usage in veterinary medicine

In veterinary practice, nitroxinil is administered to cattle, sheep, and goats to control liver fluke infections. It is often used in areas where liver fluke infections are endemic and can cause significant economic losses in livestock production. The drug is typically administered via subcutaneous injection.

Safety and precautions

While nitroxinil is effective in treating parasitic infections, it must be used with caution. Overdosage can lead to toxicity in animals, and there are specific withdrawal periods that must be observed before the meat or milk from treated animals can be consumed by humans. It is important for veterinarians to follow the recommended dosage and administration guidelines to ensure the safety of the animals and the food supply.

Related pages

• Anthelmintic
• Liver fluke
• Veterinary medicine