Ischemic colitis

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Ischemic colitis
Ischemic colitis of the transverse colon
Synonyms	N/A
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, nausea, vomiting
Complications	Bowel necrosis, perforation, sepsis
Onset	Sudden
Duration	Variable
Types	N/A
Causes	Reduced blood flow to the colon
Risks	Atherosclerosis, low blood pressure, dehydration, heart failure
Diagnosis	Colonoscopy, CT scan, MRI
Differential diagnosis	Infectious colitis, inflammatory bowel disease, diverticulitis
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Supportive care, antibiotics, surgery
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Generally good with treatment
Frequency	Common in older adults
Deaths	N/A

Ischemic colitis

Ischaemische Colitis

Ischemic colitis is a medical condition that occurs when blood flow to the colon is reduced due to narrowing or blockage of the blood vessels (arteries). This lack of blood can cause pain and potentially damage the cells in the colon.

Causes

Ischemic colitis can be caused by a variety of conditions that can block or narrow the arteries that supply blood to the colon. These can include atherosclerosis, blood clot, low blood pressure, surgery, hernia, or tumors. Certain medications, such as estrogen, heart medication, and migraine medications, can also increase the risk of ischemic colitis.

Symptoms

The most common symptom of ischemic colitis is sudden abdominal pain, usually on the left side. Other symptoms can include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and blood in the stool. In severe cases, it can lead to dehydration, shock, and severe abdominal pain.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of ischemic colitis typically involves a physical examination and a review of the patient's medical history. Additional tests may include blood tests, colonoscopy, CT scan, and angiography.

Treatment

Treatment for ischemic colitis depends on the severity of the condition. Mild cases can often be managed with rest, hydration, and antibiotics. Severe cases may require hospitalization, intravenous fluids, and possibly surgery to remove the affected part of the colon.

Prevention

Prevention of ischemic colitis involves managing risk factors such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes. Regular exercise, a healthy diet, and not smoking can also help reduce the risk.

See also

• Colon (anatomy)
• Colitis
• Gastroenterology

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