Suleiman the Magnificent

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10th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1494–1566)

Suleiman the Magnificent
File:Sultan Suleiman I.jpg
Portrait of Suleiman the Magnificent
Title	Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
Reign	30 September 1520 – 6 September 1566
Coronation	30 September 1520
Predecessor	Selim I
Successor	Selim II
Spouse	Hurrem Sultan
Issue	Selim II, Şehzade Mustafa, Şehzade Mehmed, Mihrimah Sultan, Şehzade Bayezid, Şehzade Cihangir
Full Name
House	House of Osman
Father	Selim I
Mother	Hafsa Sultan
Birth Date	6 November 1494
Birth Place	Trabzon, Ottoman Empire
Death Date	6 September 1566 (aged 71)
Death Place	Szigetvár, Kingdom of Hungary
Burial Date
Burial Place	Süleymaniye Mosque, Istanbul, Ottoman Empire

Suleiman the Magnificent (6 November 1494 – 6 September 1566), also known as Suleiman I and Suleiman the Lawgiver, was the tenth and longest-reigning Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, from 1520 to 1566. Under his administration, the Ottoman Empire became the preeminent power in Europe and the Mediterranean.

Early Life

Suleiman was born in Trabzon on the southern coast of the Black Sea. He was the only son of Selim I and Hafsa Sultan. At the age of seven, he was sent to study science, history, literature, theology, and military tactics in the schools of the Topkapı Palace in Istanbul.

Reign

Suleiman ascended to the throne in 1520, following the death of his father, Selim I. His reign is noted for significant achievements in the fields of law, literature, art, and architecture. He was a prominent patron of the arts and commissioned many public works, including the Süleymaniye Mosque in Istanbul.

Military Campaigns

Suleiman led numerous military campaigns that expanded the Ottoman Empire's territory. His notable conquests include the capture of Belgrade in 1521, the victory at the Battle of Mohács in 1526, and the siege of Vienna in 1529. He also secured naval dominance in the Mediterranean through the efforts of his admiral, Hayreddin Barbarossa.

Legal Reforms

Suleiman is also known as "the Lawgiver" (Kanuni) for his comprehensive legal reforms. He harmonized the relationship between the sultanate and the Sharia, and his legal code (Kanun) remained in force for centuries.

Personal Life

Suleiman was married to Hurrem Sultan, a former slave who became his legal wife and wielded significant influence in the empire. They had several children, including his successor, Selim II.

Death and Legacy

Suleiman died in 1566 during the Siege of Szigetvár in Hungary. He was buried in the Süleymaniye Mosque complex in Istanbul. His reign is often regarded as the apex of the Ottoman Empire's military, political, and economic power.

Related Pages

• Ottoman Empire
• Selim I
• Selim II
• Hurrem Sultan
• Süleymaniye Mosque
• Battle of Mohács
• Siege of Vienna
• Hayreddin Barbarossa

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