Prostaglandin F2alpha

Overview of Prostaglandin F2alpha

Prostaglandin F2alpha
INN
Drug class
Routes of administration	Intramuscular, Intrauterine
Pregnancy category
Bioavailability
Metabolism
Elimination half-life
Excretion
Legal status
CAS Number	551-11-1
PubChem	5280360
DrugBank	DB01160
ChemSpider	4445530
KEGG	D00074

Prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) is a naturally occurring prostaglandin used in medicine to induce labor and as a treatment for postpartum hemorrhage. It is also used in veterinary medicine to synchronize estrus in livestock.

Biological Role

Prostaglandin F2α is a member of the prostaglandin family, which are lipid compounds derived from fatty acids. PGF2α plays a crucial role in the reproductive system, particularly in the regulation of the estrous cycle and the induction of parturition. It is synthesized in the endometrium and acts on the corpus luteum to induce luteolysis, leading to a decrease in progesterone production and the initiation of a new estrous cycle.

Medical Uses

In human medicine, PGF2α is used to induce labor and control postpartum hemorrhage due to its ability to stimulate uterine contractions. It is administered via intramuscular or intrauterine routes. PGF2α is also used in the management of glaucoma as it can reduce intraocular pressure.

In veterinary medicine, PGF2α is used to synchronize estrus in cattle, swine, and other livestock. This is achieved by inducing luteolysis, which allows for controlled breeding programs.

Mechanism of Action

Prostaglandin F2α exerts its effects by binding to specific prostaglandin receptors on the surface of target cells. This binding activates intracellular signaling pathways that lead to increased intracellular calcium levels, resulting in muscle contraction. In the uterus, this causes the myometrium to contract, facilitating labor or expulsion of the placenta.

Side Effects

The use of PGF2α can lead to side effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and fever. In some cases, it may cause bronchospasm, particularly in patients with a history of asthma.

Also see

• Prostaglandin
• Estrous cycle
• Luteolysis
• Parturition
• Glaucoma

References

• Smith, W. L., & Marnett, L. J. (1991). Prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase: structure and catalysis. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metabolism, 1083(1), 1-17.
• Fortier, M. A., Guilbault, L. A., & Grasso, F. (1988). Specific properties of epithelial and stromal cells from the endometrium of cows. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, 83(1), 239-248.