Uterine inversion: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Uterine inversion | |||
| image = [[File:InvertedUterus.jpg|250px]] | |||
| caption = Illustration of an inverted uterus | |||
| field = [[Obstetrics]] | |||
| synonyms = Inversion of the uterus | |||
| symptoms = [[Vaginal bleeding]], [[abdominal pain]], [[shock (circulatory)|shock]] | |||
| complications = [[Hemorrhage]], [[infection]], [[shock (circulatory)|shock]] | |||
| onset = During or after [[childbirth]] | |||
| duration = Acute or chronic | |||
| causes = Excessive [[umbilical cord]] traction, [[fundal pressure]] | |||
| risks = [[Placenta accreta]], [[uterine atony]], [[short umbilical cord]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Physical examination]], [[ultrasound]] | |||
| differential = [[Uterine prolapse]], [[retained placenta]] | |||
| treatment = [[Manual repositioning]], [[surgery]], [[intravenous fluids]], [[blood transfusion]] | |||
| medication = [[Oxytocin]], [[antibiotics]] | |||
| prognosis = Good with prompt treatment | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
}} | |||
{{Short description|A medical condition involving the uterus}} | {{Short description|A medical condition involving the uterus}} | ||
[[File:Pathology_and_treatment_of_diseases_of_women_(1912)_(14594979458).jpg|left|thumb|Early 20th-century medical illustration.]] | |||
[[File: | [[File:The_Principles_and_practice_of_gynecology_-_for_students_and_practitioners_(1904)_(14581562549).jpg|left|thumb|Gynecological textbook illustration.]] | ||
[[File:The_diseases_of_women_-_a_handbook_for_students_and_practitioners_(1897)_(14775130271).jpg|thumb|Historical depiction of uterine inversion.]] | [[File:The_diseases_of_women_-_a_handbook_for_students_and_practitioners_(1897)_(14775130271).jpg|left|thumb|Historical depiction of uterine inversion.]] | ||
'''Uterine inversion''' is a rare medical condition where the [[uterus]] turns inside out, usually following [[childbirth]]. This condition can lead to severe [[hemorrhage]] and shock, and requires immediate medical attention. | '''Uterine inversion''' is a rare medical condition where the [[uterus]] turns inside out, usually following [[childbirth]]. This condition can lead to severe [[hemorrhage]] and shock, and requires immediate medical attention. | ||
==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
Uterine inversion is classified based on the degree of inversion: | Uterine inversion is classified based on the degree of inversion: | ||
* '''Incomplete inversion''': The fundus of the uterus is inverted but does not protrude through the cervix. | * '''Incomplete inversion''': The fundus of the uterus is inverted but does not protrude through the cervix. | ||
* '''Complete inversion''': The fundus protrudes through the cervix into the vagina. | * '''Complete inversion''': The fundus protrudes through the cervix into the vagina. | ||
* '''Prolapsed inversion''': The fundus extends outside the vaginal introitus. | * '''Prolapsed inversion''': The fundus extends outside the vaginal introitus. | ||
* '''Total inversion''': The uterus and sometimes the vagina are inverted. | * '''Total inversion''': The uterus and sometimes the vagina are inverted. | ||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
The exact cause of uterine inversion is not always clear, but several factors can contribute to its occurrence: | The exact cause of uterine inversion is not always clear, but several factors can contribute to its occurrence: | ||
* Excessive [[traction]] on the umbilical cord during the third stage of labor. | * Excessive [[traction]] on the umbilical cord during the third stage of labor. | ||
* Abnormal adherence of the [[placenta]] (placenta accreta). | * Abnormal adherence of the [[placenta]] (placenta accreta). | ||
* Weakness of the uterine wall. | * Weakness of the uterine wall. | ||
* Rapid delivery. | * Rapid delivery. | ||
==Symptoms== | ==Symptoms== | ||
Symptoms of uterine inversion can include: | Symptoms of uterine inversion can include: | ||
* Severe [[pelvic pain]]. | * Severe [[pelvic pain]]. | ||
* Profuse [[vaginal bleeding]]. | * Profuse [[vaginal bleeding]]. | ||
* A visible mass at the vaginal opening. | * A visible mass at the vaginal opening. | ||
* [[Hypotension]] and shock. | * [[Hypotension]] and shock. | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
Diagnosis is typically made through physical examination. The condition is often apparent due to the presence of a mass in the vagina or outside the vaginal opening. [[Ultrasound]] may be used to confirm the diagnosis. | Diagnosis is typically made through physical examination. The condition is often apparent due to the presence of a mass in the vagina or outside the vaginal opening. [[Ultrasound]] may be used to confirm the diagnosis. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
Immediate treatment is crucial to prevent severe complications. Treatment options include: | Immediate treatment is crucial to prevent severe complications. Treatment options include: | ||
* '''Manual replacement''': The uterus is manually repositioned by a healthcare provider. | * '''Manual replacement''': The uterus is manually repositioned by a healthcare provider. | ||
* '''Surgical intervention''': If manual replacement is unsuccessful, surgical methods such as the Haultain procedure may be necessary. | * '''Surgical intervention''': If manual replacement is unsuccessful, surgical methods such as the Haultain procedure may be necessary. | ||
* '''Medications''': [[Oxytocin]] and other uterotonics may be administered to help contract the uterus after repositioning. | * '''Medications''': [[Oxytocin]] and other uterotonics may be administered to help contract the uterus after repositioning. | ||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
With prompt treatment, the prognosis for uterine inversion is generally good. However, delayed treatment can lead to significant morbidity and mortality due to hemorrhage and shock. | With prompt treatment, the prognosis for uterine inversion is generally good. However, delayed treatment can lead to significant morbidity and mortality due to hemorrhage and shock. | ||
==Prevention== | ==Prevention== | ||
Preventive measures include careful management of the third stage of labor, avoiding excessive traction on the umbilical cord, and ensuring proper uterine contraction after delivery. | Preventive measures include careful management of the third stage of labor, avoiding excessive traction on the umbilical cord, and ensuring proper uterine contraction after delivery. | ||
==See also== | |||
== | |||
* [[Postpartum hemorrhage]] | * [[Postpartum hemorrhage]] | ||
* [[Placenta accreta]] | * [[Placenta accreta]] | ||
* [[Obstetric emergencies]] | * [[Obstetric emergencies]] | ||
[[Category:Obstetrics]] | [[Category:Obstetrics]] | ||
[[Category:Medical emergencies]] | [[Category:Medical emergencies]] | ||
Latest revision as of 09:06, 13 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Uterine inversion | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | Inversion of the uterus |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Vaginal bleeding, abdominal pain, shock |
| Complications | Hemorrhage, infection, shock |
| Onset | During or after childbirth |
| Duration | Acute or chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Excessive umbilical cord traction, fundal pressure |
| Risks | Placenta accreta, uterine atony, short umbilical cord |
| Diagnosis | Physical examination, ultrasound |
| Differential diagnosis | Uterine prolapse, retained placenta |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Manual repositioning, surgery, intravenous fluids, blood transfusion |
| Medication | Oxytocin, antibiotics |
| Prognosis | Good with prompt treatment |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
A medical condition involving the uterus
_(14594979458).jpg)
_(14581562549).jpg)
_(14775130271).jpg)
Uterine inversion is a rare medical condition where the uterus turns inside out, usually following childbirth. This condition can lead to severe hemorrhage and shock, and requires immediate medical attention.
Classification[edit]
Uterine inversion is classified based on the degree of inversion:
- Incomplete inversion: The fundus of the uterus is inverted but does not protrude through the cervix.
- Complete inversion: The fundus protrudes through the cervix into the vagina.
- Prolapsed inversion: The fundus extends outside the vaginal introitus.
- Total inversion: The uterus and sometimes the vagina are inverted.
Causes[edit]
The exact cause of uterine inversion is not always clear, but several factors can contribute to its occurrence:
- Excessive traction on the umbilical cord during the third stage of labor.
- Abnormal adherence of the placenta (placenta accreta).
- Weakness of the uterine wall.
- Rapid delivery.
Symptoms[edit]
Symptoms of uterine inversion can include:
- Severe pelvic pain.
- Profuse vaginal bleeding.
- A visible mass at the vaginal opening.
- Hypotension and shock.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis is typically made through physical examination. The condition is often apparent due to the presence of a mass in the vagina or outside the vaginal opening. Ultrasound may be used to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment[edit]
Immediate treatment is crucial to prevent severe complications. Treatment options include:
- Manual replacement: The uterus is manually repositioned by a healthcare provider.
- Surgical intervention: If manual replacement is unsuccessful, surgical methods such as the Haultain procedure may be necessary.
- Medications: Oxytocin and other uterotonics may be administered to help contract the uterus after repositioning.
Prognosis[edit]
With prompt treatment, the prognosis for uterine inversion is generally good. However, delayed treatment can lead to significant morbidity and mortality due to hemorrhage and shock.
Prevention[edit]
Preventive measures include careful management of the third stage of labor, avoiding excessive traction on the umbilical cord, and ensuring proper uterine contraction after delivery.
