Takayasu's arteritis: Difference between revisions
From WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Takayasu's arteritis | |||
| image = [[File:Takayasu_Arteritis.jpg|250px]] | |||
| caption = Angiogram showing narrowing of the aorta in Takayasu's arteritis | |||
| field = [[Rheumatology]] | |||
| synonyms = [[Pulseless disease]], [[aortic arch syndrome]], [[occlusive thromboaortopathy]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Fatigue]], [[weight loss]], [[fever]], [[night sweats]], [[joint pain]], [[muscle pain]], [[headache]], [[visual disturbances]], [[dizziness]], [[fainting]], [[chest pain]], [[high blood pressure]] | |||
| complications = [[Aortic aneurysm]], [[aortic regurgitation]], [[heart failure]], [[stroke]], [[hypertension]] | |||
| onset = Typically between ages 10 and 30 | |||
| duration = Chronic | |||
| causes = Unknown, possibly [[autoimmune disease]] | |||
| risks = [[Female]] gender, [[Asian]] descent | |||
| diagnosis = [[Angiography]], [[magnetic resonance imaging]] (MRI), [[computed tomography]] (CT), [[ultrasound]], [[blood tests]] | |||
| differential = [[Giant cell arteritis]], [[polyarteritis nodosa]], [[atherosclerosis]] | |||
| treatment = [[Corticosteroids]], [[immunosuppressive drugs]], [[biologic agents]], [[surgery]] | |||
| medication = [[Prednisone]], [[methotrexate]], [[infliximab]], [[tocilizumab]] | |||
| prognosis = Variable; can be managed with treatment | |||
| frequency = Rare; estimated 1-2 cases per million per year | |||
| deaths = Rare with treatment | |||
}} | |||
[[File:Takayasu_LDH.jpg|Takayasu's arteritis|thumb|left]] | |||
[[File:Takayasu_arteritis.JPG|Takayasu's arteritis|thumb|left]] | |||
Takayasu's arteritis, also known as Takayasu arteritis or pulseless disease, is a rare type of vasculitis that primarily affects the aorta, the main artery that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body, and its branches. This chronic inflammatory condition leads to the inflammation of the blood vessels, causing them to become narrowed, obstructed, or weakened. Takayasu's arteritis most commonly affects young to middle-aged women, although it can occur in individuals of any age or gender. | Takayasu's arteritis, also known as Takayasu arteritis or pulseless disease, is a rare type of vasculitis that primarily affects the aorta, the main artery that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body, and its branches. This chronic inflammatory condition leads to the inflammation of the blood vessels, causing them to become narrowed, obstructed, or weakened. Takayasu's arteritis most commonly affects young to middle-aged women, although it can occur in individuals of any age or gender. | ||
== Symptoms == | == Symptoms == | ||
The symptoms of Takayasu's arteritis can vary depending on which blood vessels are affected. Common symptoms may include: | The symptoms of Takayasu's arteritis can vary depending on which blood vessels are affected. Common symptoms may include: | ||
* Fatigue | * Fatigue | ||
* Fever | * Fever | ||
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* High blood pressure | * High blood pressure | ||
* Weak or absent pulses in the arms or neck | * Weak or absent pulses in the arms or neck | ||
== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
The exact cause of Takayasu's arteritis is unknown. It is believed to be an autoimmune disorder, where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own blood vessels. Genetic factors may also play a role in predisposing individuals to developing the condition. | The exact cause of Takayasu's arteritis is unknown. It is believed to be an autoimmune disorder, where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own blood vessels. Genetic factors may also play a role in predisposing individuals to developing the condition. | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
Diagnosing Takayasu's arteritis can be challenging due to its nonspecific symptoms and the rarity of the disease. A combination of medical history, physical examination, blood tests, imaging studies such as angiography, and biopsy of affected blood vessels may be used to confirm the diagnosis. | Diagnosing Takayasu's arteritis can be challenging due to its nonspecific symptoms and the rarity of the disease. A combination of medical history, physical examination, blood tests, imaging studies such as angiography, and biopsy of affected blood vessels may be used to confirm the diagnosis. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
The goal of treatment for Takayasu's arteritis is to reduce inflammation, relieve symptoms, and prevent complications such as organ damage or stroke. Treatment may include: | The goal of treatment for Takayasu's arteritis is to reduce inflammation, relieve symptoms, and prevent complications such as organ damage or stroke. Treatment may include: | ||
* Corticosteroids to reduce inflammation | * Corticosteroids to reduce inflammation | ||
* Immunosuppressive medications to suppress the immune system | * Immunosuppressive medications to suppress the immune system | ||
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* Antiplatelet or anticoagulant medications to prevent blood clots | * Antiplatelet or anticoagulant medications to prevent blood clots | ||
* Regular monitoring and follow-up care | * Regular monitoring and follow-up care | ||
Surgery or angioplasty with stent placement may be necessary in cases of severe arterial blockages or aneurysms. | Surgery or angioplasty with stent placement may be necessary in cases of severe arterial blockages or aneurysms. | ||
[[Category:Vasculitis]] | [[Category:Vasculitis]] | ||
[[Category:Autoimmune diseases]] | [[Category:Autoimmune diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Rare diseases]] | [[Category:Rare diseases]] | ||
{{medicine-stub}} | {{medicine-stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 23:59, 9 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Takayasu's arteritis | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | Pulseless disease, aortic arch syndrome, occlusive thromboaortopathy |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Fatigue, weight loss, fever, night sweats, joint pain, muscle pain, headache, visual disturbances, dizziness, fainting, chest pain, high blood pressure |
| Complications | Aortic aneurysm, aortic regurgitation, heart failure, stroke, hypertension |
| Onset | Typically between ages 10 and 30 |
| Duration | Chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Unknown, possibly autoimmune disease |
| Risks | Female gender, Asian descent |
| Diagnosis | Angiography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), ultrasound, blood tests |
| Differential diagnosis | Giant cell arteritis, polyarteritis nodosa, atherosclerosis |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Corticosteroids, immunosuppressive drugs, biologic agents, surgery |
| Medication | Prednisone, methotrexate, infliximab, tocilizumab |
| Prognosis | Variable; can be managed with treatment |
| Frequency | Rare; estimated 1-2 cases per million per year |
| Deaths | Rare with treatment |
Takayasu's arteritis, also known as Takayasu arteritis or pulseless disease, is a rare type of vasculitis that primarily affects the aorta, the main artery that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body, and its branches. This chronic inflammatory condition leads to the inflammation of the blood vessels, causing them to become narrowed, obstructed, or weakened. Takayasu's arteritis most commonly affects young to middle-aged women, although it can occur in individuals of any age or gender.
Symptoms[edit]
The symptoms of Takayasu's arteritis can vary depending on which blood vessels are affected. Common symptoms may include:
- Fatigue
- Fever
- Loss of appetite
- Weight loss
- Muscle and joint pain
- Dizziness or lightheadedness
- Headaches
- Visual disturbances
- Chest pain
- High blood pressure
- Weak or absent pulses in the arms or neck
Causes[edit]
The exact cause of Takayasu's arteritis is unknown. It is believed to be an autoimmune disorder, where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own blood vessels. Genetic factors may also play a role in predisposing individuals to developing the condition.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosing Takayasu's arteritis can be challenging due to its nonspecific symptoms and the rarity of the disease. A combination of medical history, physical examination, blood tests, imaging studies such as angiography, and biopsy of affected blood vessels may be used to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment[edit]
The goal of treatment for Takayasu's arteritis is to reduce inflammation, relieve symptoms, and prevent complications such as organ damage or stroke. Treatment may include:
- Corticosteroids to reduce inflammation
- Immunosuppressive medications to suppress the immune system
- Blood pressure medications to control hypertension
- Antiplatelet or anticoagulant medications to prevent blood clots
- Regular monitoring and follow-up care
Surgery or angioplasty with stent placement may be necessary in cases of severe arterial blockages or aneurysms.
