Scleritis: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Scleritis | |||
| image = [[File:Scleritis.png|250px]] | |||
| caption = Scleritis affecting the eye | |||
| field = [[Ophthalmology]] | |||
| symptoms = Severe eye pain, redness, tearing, photophobia | |||
| complications = Vision loss, [[glaucoma]], [[cataract]] | |||
| onset = Typically between ages 30-60 | |||
| duration = Can be chronic or recurrent | |||
| causes = Often associated with [[autoimmune disease]]s such as [[rheumatoid arthritis]], [[Wegener's granulomatosis]], [[lupus]] | |||
| risks = Autoimmune disorders, previous eye surgery, infections | |||
| diagnosis = Clinical examination, [[slit lamp]] examination, imaging studies | |||
| differential = [[Episcleritis]], [[conjunctivitis]], [[keratitis]] | |||
| treatment = [[Corticosteroids]], [[immunosuppressive drug]]s, [[nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug]]s | |||
| medication = [[Prednisone]], [[methotrexate]], [[cyclophosphamide]] | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
| deaths = Rarely life-threatening, but can lead to severe complications | |||
}} | |||
[[File:Recurrent scleritis.jpg|Recurrent scleritis|thumb|left]] | |||
'''Scleritis''' is a serious [[inflammation]] of the [[sclera]], the white outer coating of the [[eye]]. It is often associated with underlying [[autoimmune disease]]s and can lead to permanent vision loss if not treated promptly. | '''Scleritis''' is a serious [[inflammation]] of the [[sclera]], the white outer coating of the [[eye]]. It is often associated with underlying [[autoimmune disease]]s and can lead to permanent vision loss if not treated promptly. | ||
== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
Scleritis is often associated with systemic [[autoimmune disease]]s such as [[rheumatoid arthritis]], [[lupus]], and [[vasculitis]]. It can also be caused by [[infection]], [[trauma]], or exposure to certain chemicals or medications. | Scleritis is often associated with systemic [[autoimmune disease]]s such as [[rheumatoid arthritis]], [[lupus]], and [[vasculitis]]. It can also be caused by [[infection]], [[trauma]], or exposure to certain chemicals or medications. | ||
== Symptoms == | == Symptoms == | ||
The main symptom of scleritis is severe, constant pain in the eye that often radiates to the [[face]] or [[head]]. Other symptoms can include redness, blurred vision, sensitivity to light, and a feeling of pressure in the eye. | The main symptom of scleritis is severe, constant pain in the eye that often radiates to the [[face]] or [[head]]. Other symptoms can include redness, blurred vision, sensitivity to light, and a feeling of pressure in the eye. | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
Diagnosis of scleritis is usually made based on the patient's symptoms and a physical examination of the eye. Additional tests, such as [[blood tests]], [[imaging studies]], and a [[biopsy]] of the sclera, may be needed to confirm the diagnosis and identify any underlying conditions. | Diagnosis of scleritis is usually made based on the patient's symptoms and a physical examination of the eye. Additional tests, such as [[blood tests]], [[imaging studies]], and a [[biopsy]] of the sclera, may be needed to confirm the diagnosis and identify any underlying conditions. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
Treatment for scleritis usually involves [[corticosteroid]] medications to reduce inflammation and pain. In severe cases, other types of [[immunosuppressive therapy]] may be needed. If an underlying condition is identified, treatment for that condition is also necessary. | Treatment for scleritis usually involves [[corticosteroid]] medications to reduce inflammation and pain. In severe cases, other types of [[immunosuppressive therapy]] may be needed. If an underlying condition is identified, treatment for that condition is also necessary. | ||
== Prognosis == | == Prognosis == | ||
With prompt and appropriate treatment, most people with scleritis can achieve good control of their symptoms and prevent serious complications. However, scleritis can be a chronic condition that requires ongoing management. | With prompt and appropriate treatment, most people with scleritis can achieve good control of their symptoms and prevent serious complications. However, scleritis can be a chronic condition that requires ongoing management. | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Uveitis]] | * [[Uveitis]] | ||
* [[Keratitis]] | * [[Keratitis]] | ||
* [[Episcleritis]] | * [[Episcleritis]] | ||
[[Category:Eye diseases]] | [[Category:Eye diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Inflammatory diseases]] | [[Category:Inflammatory diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Autoimmune diseases]] | [[Category:Autoimmune diseases]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 14:27, 9 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Scleritis | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | N/A |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Severe eye pain, redness, tearing, photophobia |
| Complications | Vision loss, glaucoma, cataract |
| Onset | Typically between ages 30-60 |
| Duration | Can be chronic or recurrent |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Often associated with autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, Wegener's granulomatosis, lupus |
| Risks | Autoimmune disorders, previous eye surgery, infections |
| Diagnosis | Clinical examination, slit lamp examination, imaging studies |
| Differential diagnosis | Episcleritis, conjunctivitis, keratitis |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Corticosteroids, immunosuppressive drugs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs |
| Medication | Prednisone, methotrexate, cyclophosphamide |
| Prognosis | N/A |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | Rarely life-threatening, but can lead to severe complications |
Scleritis is a serious inflammation of the sclera, the white outer coating of the eye. It is often associated with underlying autoimmune diseases and can lead to permanent vision loss if not treated promptly.
Causes[edit]
Scleritis is often associated with systemic autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and vasculitis. It can also be caused by infection, trauma, or exposure to certain chemicals or medications.
Symptoms[edit]
The main symptom of scleritis is severe, constant pain in the eye that often radiates to the face or head. Other symptoms can include redness, blurred vision, sensitivity to light, and a feeling of pressure in the eye.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of scleritis is usually made based on the patient's symptoms and a physical examination of the eye. Additional tests, such as blood tests, imaging studies, and a biopsy of the sclera, may be needed to confirm the diagnosis and identify any underlying conditions.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for scleritis usually involves corticosteroid medications to reduce inflammation and pain. In severe cases, other types of immunosuppressive therapy may be needed. If an underlying condition is identified, treatment for that condition is also necessary.
Prognosis[edit]
With prompt and appropriate treatment, most people with scleritis can achieve good control of their symptoms and prevent serious complications. However, scleritis can be a chronic condition that requires ongoing management.
