Portal hypertensive gastropathy: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Portal hypertensive gastropathy | |||
| image = [[File:PHGastro.jpg]] | |||
| caption = Endoscopic image of portal hypertensive gastropathy | |||
| field = [[Gastroenterology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Gastrointestinal bleeding]], [[anemia]] | |||
| complications = [[Chronic blood loss]], [[iron deficiency anemia]] | |||
| onset = Often associated with [[portal hypertension]] | |||
| duration = Chronic | |||
| causes = [[Portal hypertension]] | |||
| risks = [[Cirrhosis]], [[liver disease]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Endoscopy]] | |||
| differential = [[Gastric antral vascular ectasia]], [[peptic ulcer disease]] | |||
| treatment = [[Beta blockers]], [[endoscopic therapy]] | |||
| medication = [[Non-selective beta blockers]] | |||
| frequency = Common in patients with [[cirrhosis]] | |||
}} | |||
[[File:Gastric_antral_vascular_ectasia_(before_and_after).png|Gastric antral vascular ectasia (before and after)|thumb|left]] | |||
'''Portal hypertensive gastropathy''' is a medical condition characterized by changes in the [[mucosa]] of the [[stomach]] due to [[portal hypertension]]. It is often associated with [[cirrhosis]] of the [[liver]] and is a common cause of [[gastrointestinal bleeding]]. | '''Portal hypertensive gastropathy''' is a medical condition characterized by changes in the [[mucosa]] of the [[stomach]] due to [[portal hypertension]]. It is often associated with [[cirrhosis]] of the [[liver]] and is a common cause of [[gastrointestinal bleeding]]. | ||
==Etiology== | ==Etiology== | ||
The exact cause of portal hypertensive gastropathy is not fully understood. However, it is believed to be related to increased pressure in the [[portal vein]] system, which is often caused by cirrhosis of the liver. Other potential causes include [[congestive heart failure]], [[hepatic vein thrombosis]], and [[schistosomiasis]]. | The exact cause of portal hypertensive gastropathy is not fully understood. However, it is believed to be related to increased pressure in the [[portal vein]] system, which is often caused by cirrhosis of the liver. Other potential causes include [[congestive heart failure]], [[hepatic vein thrombosis]], and [[schistosomiasis]]. | ||
==Pathophysiology== | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
Portal hypertensive gastropathy is characterized by changes in the mucosa of the stomach. These changes include [[erythema]], [[edema]], and [[friability]], as well as the presence of [[vascular ectasia]] and [[spider angiomata]]. The increased pressure in the portal vein system leads to dilation of the [[submucosal veins]], which in turn leads to the characteristic changes in the mucosa. | Portal hypertensive gastropathy is characterized by changes in the mucosa of the stomach. These changes include [[erythema]], [[edema]], and [[friability]], as well as the presence of [[vascular ectasia]] and [[spider angiomata]]. The increased pressure in the portal vein system leads to dilation of the [[submucosal veins]], which in turn leads to the characteristic changes in the mucosa. | ||
==Clinical Presentation== | ==Clinical Presentation== | ||
Patients with portal hypertensive gastropathy may present with a variety of symptoms, including [[anemia]] due to chronic gastrointestinal bleeding, [[melena]], [[hematemesis]], and [[epigastric pain]]. However, many patients are asymptomatic and the condition is often discovered incidentally during [[endoscopy]]. | Patients with portal hypertensive gastropathy may present with a variety of symptoms, including [[anemia]] due to chronic gastrointestinal bleeding, [[melena]], [[hematemesis]], and [[epigastric pain]]. However, many patients are asymptomatic and the condition is often discovered incidentally during [[endoscopy]]. | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
The diagnosis of portal hypertensive gastropathy is typically made via endoscopy, which allows for direct visualization of the characteristic changes in the mucosa. Other diagnostic tests may include [[laboratory tests]] to assess for anemia and liver function, as well as [[imaging studies]] to evaluate for cirrhosis and portal hypertension. | The diagnosis of portal hypertensive gastropathy is typically made via endoscopy, which allows for direct visualization of the characteristic changes in the mucosa. Other diagnostic tests may include [[laboratory tests]] to assess for anemia and liver function, as well as [[imaging studies]] to evaluate for cirrhosis and portal hypertension. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
The treatment of portal hypertensive gastropathy primarily involves managing the underlying cause of the portal hypertension. This may include treating the cirrhosis or congestive heart failure, or managing the hepatic vein thrombosis or schistosomiasis. In addition, patients may be treated with [[medications]] to reduce the pressure in the portal vein system and to manage the gastrointestinal bleeding. | The treatment of portal hypertensive gastropathy primarily involves managing the underlying cause of the portal hypertension. This may include treating the cirrhosis or congestive heart failure, or managing the hepatic vein thrombosis or schistosomiasis. In addition, patients may be treated with [[medications]] to reduce the pressure in the portal vein system and to manage the gastrointestinal bleeding. | ||
[[Category:Gastroenterology]] | [[Category:Gastroenterology]] | ||
[[Category:Hepatology]] | [[Category:Hepatology]] | ||
[[Category:Medical conditions]] | [[Category:Medical conditions]] | ||
{{Medicine-stub}} | {{Medicine-stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 05:40, 9 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Portal hypertensive gastropathy | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | N/A |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Gastrointestinal bleeding, anemia |
| Complications | Chronic blood loss, iron deficiency anemia |
| Onset | Often associated with portal hypertension |
| Duration | Chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Portal hypertension |
| Risks | Cirrhosis, liver disease |
| Diagnosis | Endoscopy |
| Differential diagnosis | Gastric antral vascular ectasia, peptic ulcer disease |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Beta blockers, endoscopic therapy |
| Medication | Non-selective beta blockers |
| Prognosis | N/A |
| Frequency | Common in patients with cirrhosis |
| Deaths | N/A |
.png)
Portal hypertensive gastropathy is a medical condition characterized by changes in the mucosa of the stomach due to portal hypertension. It is often associated with cirrhosis of the liver and is a common cause of gastrointestinal bleeding.
Etiology[edit]
The exact cause of portal hypertensive gastropathy is not fully understood. However, it is believed to be related to increased pressure in the portal vein system, which is often caused by cirrhosis of the liver. Other potential causes include congestive heart failure, hepatic vein thrombosis, and schistosomiasis.
Pathophysiology[edit]
Portal hypertensive gastropathy is characterized by changes in the mucosa of the stomach. These changes include erythema, edema, and friability, as well as the presence of vascular ectasia and spider angiomata. The increased pressure in the portal vein system leads to dilation of the submucosal veins, which in turn leads to the characteristic changes in the mucosa.
Clinical Presentation[edit]
Patients with portal hypertensive gastropathy may present with a variety of symptoms, including anemia due to chronic gastrointestinal bleeding, melena, hematemesis, and epigastric pain. However, many patients are asymptomatic and the condition is often discovered incidentally during endoscopy.
Diagnosis[edit]
The diagnosis of portal hypertensive gastropathy is typically made via endoscopy, which allows for direct visualization of the characteristic changes in the mucosa. Other diagnostic tests may include laboratory tests to assess for anemia and liver function, as well as imaging studies to evaluate for cirrhosis and portal hypertension.
Treatment[edit]
The treatment of portal hypertensive gastropathy primarily involves managing the underlying cause of the portal hypertension. This may include treating the cirrhosis or congestive heart failure, or managing the hepatic vein thrombosis or schistosomiasis. In addition, patients may be treated with medications to reduce the pressure in the portal vein system and to manage the gastrointestinal bleeding.
