Melena

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Melena

Melena (pronounced: meh-LEE-nuh) is a medical term used to describe black, tarry, and foul-smelling stools. The condition is usually indicative of bleeding in the upper gastrointestinal tract.

Etymology

The term "melena" is derived from the Greek word "melas", which means black. It was first used in medical literature in the 1800s.

Causes

Melena is typically caused by bleeding in the upper gastrointestinal tract, which includes the esophagus, stomach, and the first part of the small intestine known as the duodenum. The black color of the stool is due to the digestion of blood by the stomach acid and enzymes, which turns it black. Some of the common causes include:

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of melena usually involves a detailed medical history and physical examination. The doctor may also order tests such as:

  • Fecal occult blood test: This test checks for hidden (occult) blood in the stool.
  • Endoscopy: This procedure uses a flexible tube with a light and camera to examine the digestive tract.
  • Colonoscopy: This test allows the doctor to examine the entire colon.

Treatment

Treatment for melena depends on the underlying cause. It may include medications to reduce stomach acid, endoscopic therapy to stop bleeding, or surgery in severe cases.

Related Terms

External links

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