Paruresis: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Paruresis | |||
| image = [[File:Charles_Marville,_Urinoir_en_ardoise_à_3_stalles,_Chaussée_du_Maine,_ca._1865.jpg|250px]] | |||
| alt = A historical image of a public urinal | |||
| caption = A public urinal, a common setting for paruresis | |||
| field = [[Psychiatry]] | |||
| synonyms = Shy bladder syndrome, urophobia | |||
| symptoms = Difficulty urinating in the presence of others | |||
| complications = [[Urinary tract infection]], [[bladder]] dysfunction | |||
| onset = Typically during adolescence | |||
| duration = Long-term | |||
| types = | |||
| causes = [[Social anxiety disorder]], learned behavior | |||
| risks = | |||
| diagnosis = Based on [[clinical assessment]] | |||
| differential = [[Urinary retention]], [[prostatitis]], [[urethral stricture]] | |||
| prevention = | |||
| treatment = [[Cognitive behavioral therapy]], [[graduated exposure therapy]] | |||
| medication = [[Antidepressants]], [[anxiolytics]] | |||
| prognosis = Variable, often manageable with treatment | |||
| frequency = Affects up to 7% of the population | |||
}} | |||
[[File:Mandatory_drug_testing,_Guantanamo.png|Paruresis|thumb|left]] | |||
'''Paruresis''' is a type of [[phobia]] in which the sufferer is unable to urinate in the real or imaginary presence of others, such as in a public restroom. The severity of paruresis can vary greatly, from a mild inconvenience to a severe disability which can be extremely limiting both socially and professionally. | '''Paruresis''' is a type of [[phobia]] in which the sufferer is unable to urinate in the real or imaginary presence of others, such as in a public restroom. The severity of paruresis can vary greatly, from a mild inconvenience to a severe disability which can be extremely limiting both socially and professionally. | ||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
The exact cause of paruresis is not known, but it is believed to be a combination of physical and psychological factors. Some people may have a naturally shy bladder, while others may develop the condition as a result of a traumatic event. It is also thought that paruresis may be linked to social anxiety disorder. | The exact cause of paruresis is not known, but it is believed to be a combination of physical and psychological factors. Some people may have a naturally shy bladder, while others may develop the condition as a result of a traumatic event. It is also thought that paruresis may be linked to social anxiety disorder. | ||
==Symptoms== | ==Symptoms== | ||
The main symptom of paruresis is the inability to urinate when others are present or could potentially be present. This can occur in a variety of situations, such as in public restrooms, at someone else's home, or even in one's own home when guests are present. The person may be able to urinate in some situations but not others, and the severity of the condition can vary greatly. | The main symptom of paruresis is the inability to urinate when others are present or could potentially be present. This can occur in a variety of situations, such as in public restrooms, at someone else's home, or even in one's own home when guests are present. The person may be able to urinate in some situations but not others, and the severity of the condition can vary greatly. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
Treatment for paruresis typically involves a combination of [[cognitive behavioral therapy]] (CBT) and [[exposure therapy]]. CBT helps the person to identify and change negative thought patterns that may be contributing to their condition, while exposure therapy involves gradually exposing the person to the situation that triggers their paruresis in order to help them overcome their fear. | Treatment for paruresis typically involves a combination of [[cognitive behavioral therapy]] (CBT) and [[exposure therapy]]. CBT helps the person to identify and change negative thought patterns that may be contributing to their condition, while exposure therapy involves gradually exposing the person to the situation that triggers their paruresis in order to help them overcome their fear. | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
* [[Phobia]] | * [[Phobia]] | ||
| Line 15: | Line 35: | ||
* [[Cognitive behavioral therapy]] | * [[Cognitive behavioral therapy]] | ||
* [[Exposure therapy]] | * [[Exposure therapy]] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
[[Category:Phobias]] | [[Category:Phobias]] | ||
[[Category:Anxiety disorders]] | [[Category:Anxiety disorders]] | ||
[[Category:Urinary system]] | [[Category:Urinary system]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 05:25, 9 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Paruresis | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | Shy bladder syndrome, urophobia |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Difficulty urinating in the presence of others |
| Complications | Urinary tract infection, bladder dysfunction |
| Onset | Typically during adolescence |
| Duration | Long-term |
| Types | |
| Causes | Social anxiety disorder, learned behavior |
| Risks | |
| Diagnosis | Based on clinical assessment |
| Differential diagnosis | Urinary retention, prostatitis, urethral stricture |
| Prevention | |
| Treatment | Cognitive behavioral therapy, graduated exposure therapy |
| Medication | Antidepressants, anxiolytics |
| Prognosis | Variable, often manageable with treatment |
| Frequency | Affects up to 7% of the population |
| Deaths | N/A |
Paruresis is a type of phobia in which the sufferer is unable to urinate in the real or imaginary presence of others, such as in a public restroom. The severity of paruresis can vary greatly, from a mild inconvenience to a severe disability which can be extremely limiting both socially and professionally.
Causes[edit]
The exact cause of paruresis is not known, but it is believed to be a combination of physical and psychological factors. Some people may have a naturally shy bladder, while others may develop the condition as a result of a traumatic event. It is also thought that paruresis may be linked to social anxiety disorder.
Symptoms[edit]
The main symptom of paruresis is the inability to urinate when others are present or could potentially be present. This can occur in a variety of situations, such as in public restrooms, at someone else's home, or even in one's own home when guests are present. The person may be able to urinate in some situations but not others, and the severity of the condition can vary greatly.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for paruresis typically involves a combination of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and exposure therapy. CBT helps the person to identify and change negative thought patterns that may be contributing to their condition, while exposure therapy involves gradually exposing the person to the situation that triggers their paruresis in order to help them overcome their fear.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
<references />
