Toxic epidermal necrolysis: Difference between revisions
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Toxic epidermal necrolysis is a severe [[rash]] in which the outer layers of [[skin]] blister and peel off. | {{SI}} | ||
{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Toxic epidermal necrolysis | |||
| image = [[File:Toxic-epidermal-necrolysis.jpg|left|thumb|Toxic epidermal necrolysis]] | |||
| caption = Skin peeling in toxic epidermal necrolysis | |||
| synonyms = TEN, Lyell's syndrome | |||
| field = [[Dermatology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Fever]], [[malaise]], widespread skin [[necrosis]], [[mucous membrane]] involvement | |||
| complications = [[Sepsis]], [[dehydration]], [[organ failure]] | |||
| onset = Sudden | |||
| duration = Days to weeks | |||
| causes = [[Drug reaction]], [[infection]], [[idiopathic]] | |||
| risks = [[HIV]], [[systemic lupus erythematosus]], [[cancer]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Clinical diagnosis]], [[skin biopsy]] | |||
| differential = [[Stevens-Johnson syndrome]], [[staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome]], [[pemphigus vulgaris]] | |||
| treatment = [[Supportive care]], [[intravenous immunoglobulin]], [[corticosteroids]] | |||
| prognosis = Variable, high [[mortality rate]] | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
}} | |||
Toxic epidermal necrolysis is a severe [[rash]] in which the outer layers of [[skin]] blister and peel off. | |||
==Skin reaction== | ==Skin reaction== | ||
* [[Toxic epidermal necrolysis]] (TEN) is a type of severe skin reaction. | * [[Toxic epidermal necrolysis]] (TEN) is a type of severe skin reaction. | ||
* Together with [[Stevens-johnson syndrome]] (SJS) it forms a spectrum of disease, with TEN being more severe. | * Together with [[Stevens-johnson syndrome]] (SJS) it forms a spectrum of disease, with TEN being more severe. | ||
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==Symptoms== | ==Symptoms== | ||
* Early symptoms include fever and flu-like symptoms. | * Early symptoms include fever and flu-like symptoms. | ||
* A few days later the skin begins to blister and peel forming painful raw areas. | * A few days later the skin begins to blister and peel forming painful raw areas. | ||
* Mucous membranes, such as the mouth, are also typically involved. | * Mucous membranes, such as the mouth, are also typically involved. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
* Treatment needs should be assessed in the hospital to determine severity and where treatment should be provided (e.g. intensive care unit, burn unit, or dermatology unit). | * Treatment needs should be assessed in the hospital to determine severity and where treatment should be provided (e.g. intensive care unit, burn unit, or dermatology unit). | ||
* Treatment may involve stopping a triggering medication (for those suspected of having medication-induced SJS/TEN), standard therapies used for major burns, various eye treatments (for those with eye involvement), pain control, and preventing and treating infections. | * Treatment may involve stopping a triggering medication (for those suspected of having medication-induced SJS/TEN), standard therapies used for major burns, various eye treatments (for those with eye involvement), pain control, and preventing and treating infections. | ||
==Mortality== | ==Mortality== | ||
The overall mortality rate is about 25%, ranging from about 10% for SJS to over 30% for TEN. | The overall mortality rate is about 25%, ranging from about 10% for SJS to over 30% for TEN. | ||
==Cause of death== | ==Cause of death== | ||
The most common causes of death include sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and multiple organ failure. | The most common causes of death include sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and multiple organ failure. | ||
==Complications== | ==Complications== | ||
* Those that survive may experience recurrence (particularly if re-exposed to a trigger) and/or long-term complications involving the skin and affected mucous membranes. | * Those that survive may experience recurrence (particularly if re-exposed to a trigger) and/or long-term complications involving the skin and affected mucous membranes. | ||
* Complications include dehydration, sepsis, pneumonia, and multiple organ failure. | * Complications include dehydration, sepsis, pneumonia, and multiple organ failure. | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
{{Urticaria and erythema}} | {{Urticaria and erythema}} | ||
[[Category:Drug eruptions]] | [[Category:Drug eruptions]] | ||
[[Category:Medical emergencies]] | [[Category:Medical emergencies]] | ||
Latest revision as of 19:19, 8 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Toxic epidermal necrolysis | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Synonyms | TEN, Lyell's syndrome |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Fever, malaise, widespread skin necrosis, mucous membrane involvement |
| Complications | Sepsis, dehydration, organ failure |
| Onset | Sudden |
| Duration | Days to weeks |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Drug reaction, infection, idiopathic |
| Risks | HIV, systemic lupus erythematosus, cancer |
| Diagnosis | Clinical diagnosis, skin biopsy |
| Differential diagnosis | Stevens-Johnson syndrome, staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, pemphigus vulgaris |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Supportive care, intravenous immunoglobulin, corticosteroids |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Variable, high mortality rate |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Toxic epidermal necrolysis is a severe rash in which the outer layers of skin blister and peel off.
Skin reaction[edit]
- Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a type of severe skin reaction.
- Together with Stevens-johnson syndrome (SJS) it forms a spectrum of disease, with TEN being more severe.
Symptoms[edit]
- Early symptoms include fever and flu-like symptoms.
- A few days later the skin begins to blister and peel forming painful raw areas.
- Mucous membranes, such as the mouth, are also typically involved.
Treatment[edit]
- Treatment needs should be assessed in the hospital to determine severity and where treatment should be provided (e.g. intensive care unit, burn unit, or dermatology unit).
- Treatment may involve stopping a triggering medication (for those suspected of having medication-induced SJS/TEN), standard therapies used for major burns, various eye treatments (for those with eye involvement), pain control, and preventing and treating infections.
Mortality[edit]
The overall mortality rate is about 25%, ranging from about 10% for SJS to over 30% for TEN.
Cause of death[edit]
The most common causes of death include sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and multiple organ failure.
Complications[edit]
- Those that survive may experience recurrence (particularly if re-exposed to a trigger) and/or long-term complications involving the skin and affected mucous membranes.
- Complications include dehydration, sepsis, pneumonia, and multiple organ failure.
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