Metabolic alkalosis: Difference between revisions
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[[File:2716 Symptoms of Acidosis Alkalosis.jpg|thumb|500px|Symptoms of Acidosis Alkalosis]] | {{Infobox medical condition | ||
| name = Metabolic alkalosis | |||
'''Metabolic alkalosis''' is a [[metabolic disorder]] that occurs when the [[pH]] of the [[blood]] is elevated beyond the normal range. This can be due to a decrease in the concentration of [[hydrogen ions]] in the blood or an increase in the concentration of [[bicarbonate]] ions. | | image = [[File:Davenport_Fig_12.jpg|250px]] | ||
| caption = Davenport diagram showing metabolic alkalosis | |||
| field = [[Nephrology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Confusion]], [[muscle twitching]], [[nausea]], [[vomiting]], [[hand tremor]] | |||
| complications = [[Seizures]], [[arrhythmias]], [[coma]] | |||
| onset = Sudden or gradual | |||
| duration = Variable | |||
| causes = [[Vomiting]], [[diuretic]] use, [[hypokalemia]], [[antacid]] overuse | |||
| risks = [[Chronic kidney disease]], [[heart failure]], [[liver cirrhosis]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Arterial blood gas]] analysis, [[serum electrolyte]] levels | |||
| differential = [[Respiratory alkalosis]], [[metabolic acidosis]] | |||
| prevention = Address underlying causes, monitor [[electrolyte]] levels | |||
| treatment = [[Intravenous]] fluids, [[potassium]] supplementation, treat underlying cause | |||
| prognosis = Good with treatment | |||
| frequency = Common | |||
}} | |||
[[File:2716 Symptoms of Acidosis Alkalosis.jpg|left|thumb|500px|Symptoms of Acidosis Alkalosis]] | |||
'''Metabolic alkalosis''' is a [[metabolic disorder]] that occurs when the [[pH]] of the [[blood]] is elevated beyond the normal range. This can be due to a decrease in the concentration of [[hydrogen ions]] in the blood or an increase in the concentration of [[bicarbonate]] ions. | |||
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== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
Metabolic alkalosis can be caused by a variety of factors, including: | Metabolic alkalosis can be caused by a variety of factors, including: | ||
* Excessive loss of [[acid]] from the body, such as through [[vomiting]] or [[diarrhea]] | * Excessive loss of [[acid]] from the body, such as through [[vomiting]] or [[diarrhea]] | ||
* Consumption of certain [[medications]], such as [[diuretics]] or [[antacids]] | * Consumption of certain [[medications]], such as [[diuretics]] or [[antacids]] | ||
* Certain [[medical conditions]], such as [[Cushing's syndrome]] or [[Bartter syndrome]] | * Certain [[medical conditions]], such as [[Cushing's syndrome]] or [[Bartter syndrome]] | ||
* Overuse of [[bicarbonate]]-containing substances, such as [[baking soda]] | * Overuse of [[bicarbonate]]-containing substances, such as [[baking soda]] | ||
== Symptoms == | == Symptoms == | ||
The symptoms of metabolic alkalosis can vary depending on the severity of the condition. They may include: | The symptoms of metabolic alkalosis can vary depending on the severity of the condition. They may include: | ||
* [[Nausea]] and [[vomiting]] | * [[Nausea]] and [[vomiting]] | ||
* [[Muscle twitching]] and [[hand tremor]] | * [[Muscle twitching]] and [[hand tremor]] | ||
* [[Light-headedness]] | * [[Light-headedness]] | ||
* [[Confusion]] | * [[Confusion]] | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
Metabolic alkalosis is typically diagnosed through a [[blood test]] that measures the pH and bicarbonate levels in the blood. Other tests may be performed to determine the underlying cause of the condition. | Metabolic alkalosis is typically diagnosed through a [[blood test]] that measures the pH and bicarbonate levels in the blood. Other tests may be performed to determine the underlying cause of the condition. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
The treatment for metabolic alkalosis depends on the underlying cause. This may involve: | The treatment for metabolic alkalosis depends on the underlying cause. This may involve: | ||
* Stopping the use of certain medications | * Stopping the use of certain medications | ||
* Treating the underlying medical condition | * Treating the underlying medical condition | ||
* Replacing lost fluids and electrolytes | * Replacing lost fluids and electrolytes | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Acidosis]] | * [[Acidosis]] | ||
| Line 46: | Line 54: | ||
* [[Respiratory alkalosis]] | * [[Respiratory alkalosis]] | ||
* [[Respiratory acidosis]] | * [[Respiratory acidosis]] | ||
[[Category:Metabolic disorders]] | [[Category:Metabolic disorders]] | ||
[[Category:Acid–base disturbances]] | [[Category:Acid–base disturbances]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 04:11, 8 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD's medical weight loss NYC, sleep center NYC
Philadelphia medical weight loss and Philadelphia sleep clinics
| Metabolic alkalosis | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | N/A |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Confusion, muscle twitching, nausea, vomiting, hand tremor |
| Complications | Seizures, arrhythmias, coma |
| Onset | Sudden or gradual |
| Duration | Variable |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Vomiting, diuretic use, hypokalemia, antacid overuse |
| Risks | Chronic kidney disease, heart failure, liver cirrhosis |
| Diagnosis | Arterial blood gas analysis, serum electrolyte levels |
| Differential diagnosis | Respiratory alkalosis, metabolic acidosis |
| Prevention | Address underlying causes, monitor electrolyte levels |
| Treatment | Intravenous fluids, potassium supplementation, treat underlying cause |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Good with treatment |
| Frequency | Common |
| Deaths | N/A |
Metabolic alkalosis is a metabolic disorder that occurs when the pH of the blood is elevated beyond the normal range. This can be due to a decrease in the concentration of hydrogen ions in the blood or an increase in the concentration of bicarbonate ions.
Causes[edit]
Metabolic alkalosis can be caused by a variety of factors, including:
- Excessive loss of acid from the body, such as through vomiting or diarrhea
- Consumption of certain medications, such as diuretics or antacids
- Certain medical conditions, such as Cushing's syndrome or Bartter syndrome
- Overuse of bicarbonate-containing substances, such as baking soda
Symptoms[edit]
The symptoms of metabolic alkalosis can vary depending on the severity of the condition. They may include:
Diagnosis[edit]
Metabolic alkalosis is typically diagnosed through a blood test that measures the pH and bicarbonate levels in the blood. Other tests may be performed to determine the underlying cause of the condition.
Treatment[edit]
The treatment for metabolic alkalosis depends on the underlying cause. This may involve:
- Stopping the use of certain medications
- Treating the underlying medical condition
- Replacing lost fluids and electrolytes
