Hypophysitis: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Hypophysitis | |||
| image = [[File:Gray1180.png|left|thumb|Diagram of the human brain showing the location of the pituitary gland]] | |||
| caption = Location of the pituitary gland in the human brain | |||
| field = [[Endocrinology]] | |||
| synonyms = Inflammation of the pituitary gland | |||
| symptoms = [[Headache]], [[visual disturbances]], [[hormonal imbalances]] | |||
| complications = [[Hypopituitarism]], [[diabetes insipidus]], [[adrenal insufficiency]] | |||
| onset = Variable | |||
| duration = Chronic or acute | |||
| types = [[Lymphocytic hypophysitis]], [[granulomatous hypophysitis]], [[xanthomatous hypophysitis]] | |||
| causes = [[Autoimmune disease]], [[infection]], [[sarcoidosis]], [[tuberculosis]] | |||
| risks = [[Pregnancy]], [[autoimmune disorders]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[MRI]], [[CT scan]], [[biopsy]] | |||
| differential = [[Pituitary adenoma]], [[Rathke's cleft cyst]], [[craniopharyngioma]] | |||
| treatment = [[Corticosteroids]], [[surgery]], [[hormone replacement therapy]] | |||
| prognosis = Variable, depending on type and treatment | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
}} | |||
'''Hypophysitis''' is an inflammation of the [[pituitary gland]], a small gland located at the base of the brain. This condition can cause the pituitary gland to produce too little of its hormones, which can affect many body functions. Hypophysitis is a rare disorder and its exact cause is often unknown. | '''Hypophysitis''' is an inflammation of the [[pituitary gland]], a small gland located at the base of the brain. This condition can cause the pituitary gland to produce too little of its hormones, which can affect many body functions. Hypophysitis is a rare disorder and its exact cause is often unknown. | ||
== Symptoms == | == Symptoms == | ||
The symptoms of hypophysitis can vary greatly depending on the severity of the inflammation and the hormones affected. Common symptoms can include: | The symptoms of hypophysitis can vary greatly depending on the severity of the inflammation and the hormones affected. Common symptoms can include: | ||
* [[Headache]] | * [[Headache]] | ||
* [[Fatigue]] | * [[Fatigue]] | ||
| Line 15: | Line 32: | ||
* [[Sexual dysfunction]] | * [[Sexual dysfunction]] | ||
* [[Menstrual irregularities]] | * [[Menstrual irregularities]] | ||
== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
The exact cause of hypophysitis is often unknown. However, it is believed to be an autoimmune disorder, where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the pituitary gland. Other possible causes can include: | The exact cause of hypophysitis is often unknown. However, it is believed to be an autoimmune disorder, where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the pituitary gland. Other possible causes can include: | ||
* [[Infection]] | * [[Infection]] | ||
* [[Tumor]] | * [[Tumor]] | ||
* [[Radiation therapy]] | * [[Radiation therapy]] | ||
* Certain medications | * Certain medications | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
Diagnosis of hypophysitis often involves a combination of physical examination, medical history, blood tests to measure hormone levels, and imaging tests such as [[MRI]] or [[CT scan]] to visualize the pituitary gland. | Diagnosis of hypophysitis often involves a combination of physical examination, medical history, blood tests to measure hormone levels, and imaging tests such as [[MRI]] or [[CT scan]] to visualize the pituitary gland. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
Treatment for hypophysitis typically involves managing the symptoms and replacing the hormones that the pituitary gland is not producing in sufficient amounts. This can include medications such as [[corticosteroids]] to reduce inflammation and hormone replacement therapy. In severe cases, surgery may be required to remove a tumor or to relieve pressure on the pituitary gland. | Treatment for hypophysitis typically involves managing the symptoms and replacing the hormones that the pituitary gland is not producing in sufficient amounts. This can include medications such as [[corticosteroids]] to reduce inflammation and hormone replacement therapy. In severe cases, surgery may be required to remove a tumor or to relieve pressure on the pituitary gland. | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Pituitary gland]] | * [[Pituitary gland]] | ||
* [[Autoimmune disease]] | * [[Autoimmune disease]] | ||
* [[Hormone replacement therapy]] | * [[Hormone replacement therapy]] | ||
[[Category:Endocrine diseases]] | [[Category:Endocrine diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Autoimmune diseases]] | [[Category:Autoimmune diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Rare diseases]] | [[Category:Rare diseases]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 04:14, 7 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD's medical weight loss NYC, sleep center NYC
Philadelphia medical weight loss and Philadelphia sleep clinics
| Hypophysitis | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Synonyms | Inflammation of the pituitary gland |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Headache, visual disturbances, hormonal imbalances |
| Complications | Hypopituitarism, diabetes insipidus, adrenal insufficiency |
| Onset | Variable |
| Duration | Chronic or acute |
| Types | Lymphocytic hypophysitis, granulomatous hypophysitis, xanthomatous hypophysitis |
| Causes | Autoimmune disease, infection, sarcoidosis, tuberculosis |
| Risks | Pregnancy, autoimmune disorders |
| Diagnosis | MRI, CT scan, biopsy |
| Differential diagnosis | Pituitary adenoma, Rathke's cleft cyst, craniopharyngioma |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Corticosteroids, surgery, hormone replacement therapy |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Variable, depending on type and treatment |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Hypophysitis is an inflammation of the pituitary gland, a small gland located at the base of the brain. This condition can cause the pituitary gland to produce too little of its hormones, which can affect many body functions. Hypophysitis is a rare disorder and its exact cause is often unknown.
Symptoms[edit]
The symptoms of hypophysitis can vary greatly depending on the severity of the inflammation and the hormones affected. Common symptoms can include:
- Headache
- Fatigue
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Loss of appetite
- Weight loss
- Weakness
- Low blood pressure
- Sexual dysfunction
- Menstrual irregularities
Causes[edit]
The exact cause of hypophysitis is often unknown. However, it is believed to be an autoimmune disorder, where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the pituitary gland. Other possible causes can include:
- Infection
- Tumor
- Radiation therapy
- Certain medications
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of hypophysitis often involves a combination of physical examination, medical history, blood tests to measure hormone levels, and imaging tests such as MRI or CT scan to visualize the pituitary gland.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for hypophysitis typically involves managing the symptoms and replacing the hormones that the pituitary gland is not producing in sufficient amounts. This can include medications such as corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and hormone replacement therapy. In severe cases, surgery may be required to remove a tumor or to relieve pressure on the pituitary gland.
