Sadistic personality disorder: Difference between revisions
From WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Sadistic personality disorder | |||
| image = [[File:A_sadistic_tooth-drawer_using_a_cord_to_extract_a_tooth_from_Wellcome_V0012039.jpg|250px]] | |||
| caption = A depiction of sadistic behavior | |||
| field = [[Psychiatry]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Cruelty]], [[aggression]], [[manipulation]], [[humiliation]] | |||
| onset = [[Adolescence]] or [[early adulthood]] | |||
| duration = [[Chronic]] | |||
| causes = [[Genetic]], [[environmental]] | |||
| risks = [[Antisocial personality disorder]], [[narcissistic personality disorder]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Clinical assessment]] | |||
| differential = [[Antisocial personality disorder]], [[narcissistic personality disorder]], [[borderline personality disorder]] | |||
| treatment = [[Psychotherapy]], [[medication]] | |||
| prognosis = [[Varies]] | |||
| frequency = [[Rare]] | |||
}} | |||
[[Sadistic personality disorder]] (SPD) is a controversial personality disorder characterized by a pervasive pattern of cruel, demeaning, and aggressive behavior towards others. Despite its inclusion in the DSM-III-R, it was removed from subsequent versions due to lack of research and ethical concerns. | |||
==Characteristics and Features== | ==Characteristics and Features== | ||
* Individuals with SPD may display a pattern of sadistic behaviors such as: | * Individuals with SPD may display a pattern of sadistic behaviors such as: | ||
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* Displaying an excessive fascination with violence, torture, or cruel behaviors. | * Displaying an excessive fascination with violence, torture, or cruel behaviors. | ||
* Demonstrating hostility, aggression, or demeaning behavior towards others. | * Demonstrating hostility, aggression, or demeaning behavior towards others. | ||
==Diagnosis and Criteria== | ==Diagnosis and Criteria== | ||
The [[Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders]] (DSM-III-R) previously included SPD as a personality disorder diagnosis. However, it was removed in later versions due to controversy surrounding its definition and diagnostic criteria, and a lack of substantial research. In DSM-III-R, the criteria included a pervasive pattern of cruel, demeaning, and aggressive behavior, beginning by early adulthood. | The [[Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders]] (DSM-III-R) previously included SPD as a personality disorder diagnosis. However, it was removed in later versions due to controversy surrounding its definition and diagnostic criteria, and a lack of substantial research. In DSM-III-R, the criteria included a pervasive pattern of cruel, demeaning, and aggressive behavior, beginning by early adulthood. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
SPD is a challenging disorder to treat due to the individual's lack of insight and empathy, as well as their enjoyment of harmful behavior. Treatment may involve a combination of psychotherapy, specifically cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and medication to manage any co-occurring conditions. | SPD is a challenging disorder to treat due to the individual's lack of insight and empathy, as well as their enjoyment of harmful behavior. Treatment may involve a combination of psychotherapy, specifically cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and medication to manage any co-occurring conditions. | ||
==Controversy and Criticisms== | ==Controversy and Criticisms== | ||
The inclusion of SPD as a distinct personality disorder has been met with substantial controversy. Critics argue that the diagnosis could be misused to pathologize individuals who engage in BDSM or consensual sadomasochistic behaviors. Additionally, ethical concerns have been raised about the potential for the diagnosis to be misused within the criminal justice system. | The inclusion of SPD as a distinct personality disorder has been met with substantial controversy. Critics argue that the diagnosis could be misused to pathologize individuals who engage in BDSM or consensual sadomasochistic behaviors. Additionally, ethical concerns have been raised about the potential for the diagnosis to be misused within the criminal justice system. | ||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
* [[Personality disorder]] | * [[Personality disorder]] | ||
* [[Psychopathy]] | * [[Psychopathy]] | ||
* [[Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders]] | * [[Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders]] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
* [[American Psychiatric Association]]. (1987). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd ed., rev.). Washington, DC. | * [[American Psychiatric Association]]. (1987). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd ed., rev.). Washington, DC. | ||
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* [[Category:Clinical psychology]] | * [[Category:Clinical psychology]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 23:01, 6 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
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| Sadistic personality disorder | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | N/A |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Cruelty, aggression, manipulation, humiliation |
| Complications | N/A |
| Onset | Adolescence or early adulthood |
| Duration | Chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Genetic, environmental |
| Risks | Antisocial personality disorder, narcissistic personality disorder |
| Diagnosis | Clinical assessment |
| Differential diagnosis | Antisocial personality disorder, narcissistic personality disorder, borderline personality disorder |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Psychotherapy, medication |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Varies |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Sadistic personality disorder (SPD) is a controversial personality disorder characterized by a pervasive pattern of cruel, demeaning, and aggressive behavior towards others. Despite its inclusion in the DSM-III-R, it was removed from subsequent versions due to lack of research and ethical concerns.
Characteristics and Features[edit]
- Individuals with SPD may display a pattern of sadistic behaviors such as:
- Taking pleasure in the physical or emotional suffering of others.
- Exhibiting controlling and manipulative behavior.
- Displaying an excessive fascination with violence, torture, or cruel behaviors.
- Demonstrating hostility, aggression, or demeaning behavior towards others.
Diagnosis and Criteria[edit]
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III-R) previously included SPD as a personality disorder diagnosis. However, it was removed in later versions due to controversy surrounding its definition and diagnostic criteria, and a lack of substantial research. In DSM-III-R, the criteria included a pervasive pattern of cruel, demeaning, and aggressive behavior, beginning by early adulthood.
Treatment[edit]
SPD is a challenging disorder to treat due to the individual's lack of insight and empathy, as well as their enjoyment of harmful behavior. Treatment may involve a combination of psychotherapy, specifically cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and medication to manage any co-occurring conditions.
Controversy and Criticisms[edit]
The inclusion of SPD as a distinct personality disorder has been met with substantial controversy. Critics argue that the diagnosis could be misused to pathologize individuals who engage in BDSM or consensual sadomasochistic behaviors. Additionally, ethical concerns have been raised about the potential for the diagnosis to be misused within the criminal justice system.
See Also[edit]
References[edit]
- American Psychiatric Association. (1987). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd ed., rev.). Washington, DC.
- Millon, T., & Davis, R. (1996). Disorders of personality: DSM-IV and beyond (2nd ed.). New York: Wiley.
- Black, D. W., Gunter, T., Allen, J., Blum, N., Arndt, S., Wenman, G., & Sieleni, B. (2007). Borderline personality disorder in male and female offenders newly committed to prison. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 48(5), 400-405.
