Selective immunoglobulin A deficiency: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Selective immunoglobulin A deficiency | |||
| image = [[File:Immunglobulin_A_as_Dimer.png|250px]] | |||
| caption = Structure of immunoglobulin A (IgA) as a dimer | |||
| field = [[Immunology]] | |||
| synonyms = IgA deficiency | |||
| symptoms = Often asymptomatic, recurrent [[sinusitis]], [[bronchitis]], [[pneumonia]], [[gastrointestinal infections]], [[allergies]], [[autoimmune diseases]] | |||
| complications = Increased risk of [[autoimmune diseases]], [[allergic reactions]], [[infections]] | |||
| onset = Usually diagnosed in [[childhood]] or [[adulthood]] | |||
| duration = Lifelong | |||
| causes = Genetic factors, [[environmental factors]] | |||
| risks = Family history of [[immunodeficiency]], [[autoimmune diseases]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Blood test]] showing low or absent IgA levels | |||
| differential = [[Common variable immunodeficiency]], [[X-linked agammaglobulinemia]] | |||
| treatment = No specific treatment; management of infections and complications | |||
| prognosis = Generally good with proper management | |||
| frequency = 1 in 300 to 1 in 500 people in the [[United States]] | |||
}} | |||
'''Selective immunoglobulin A deficiency''' ('''SIgAD''') is a [[genetic disorder]] in which the body produces little or no [[Immunoglobulin A]] (IgA). This is the most common of the primary [[antibody deficiencies]]. | '''Selective immunoglobulin A deficiency''' ('''SIgAD''') is a [[genetic disorder]] in which the body produces little or no [[Immunoglobulin A]] (IgA). This is the most common of the primary [[antibody deficiencies]]. | ||
== Signs and Symptoms == | == Signs and Symptoms == | ||
People with SIgAD may appear healthy and symptom-free. However, some people may have frequent infections, particularly of the [[sinusitis|sinuses]], [[lung]]s, and [[gastrointestinal tract]]. Other symptoms may include [[allergy|allergies]], [[asthma]], and [[autoimmune diseases]]. | People with SIgAD may appear healthy and symptom-free. However, some people may have frequent infections, particularly of the [[sinusitis|sinuses]], [[lung]]s, and [[gastrointestinal tract]]. Other symptoms may include [[allergy|allergies]], [[asthma]], and [[autoimmune diseases]]. | ||
== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
The exact cause of SIgAD is unknown. It is believed to be a [[genetic disorder]], but the specific genes involved have not been identified. It is also thought that environmental factors may play a role. | The exact cause of SIgAD is unknown. It is believed to be a [[genetic disorder]], but the specific genes involved have not been identified. It is also thought that environmental factors may play a role. | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
SIgAD is diagnosed through a [[blood test]] that measures the level of IgA in the blood. A diagnosis of SIgAD is made when the IgA level is very low or absent, and other causes of low IgA have been ruled out. | SIgAD is diagnosed through a [[blood test]] that measures the level of IgA in the blood. A diagnosis of SIgAD is made when the IgA level is very low or absent, and other causes of low IgA have been ruled out. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
There is no cure for SIgAD. Treatment is aimed at managing symptoms and preventing infections. This may include [[antibiotic]] therapy for infections, [[immunoglobulin therapy]] for those with severe symptoms, and [[vaccination]] to prevent infections. | There is no cure for SIgAD. Treatment is aimed at managing symptoms and preventing infections. This may include [[antibiotic]] therapy for infections, [[immunoglobulin therapy]] for those with severe symptoms, and [[vaccination]] to prevent infections. | ||
== See Also == | == See Also == | ||
* [[Immunodeficiency]] | * [[Immunodeficiency]] | ||
* [[Primary immunodeficiency]] | * [[Primary immunodeficiency]] | ||
* [[Common variable immunodeficiency]] | * [[Common variable immunodeficiency]] | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
[[Category:Genetic disorders]] | [[Category:Genetic disorders]] | ||
[[Category:Immunodeficiency]] | [[Category:Immunodeficiency]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 22:59, 6 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Selective immunoglobulin A deficiency | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | IgA deficiency |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Often asymptomatic, recurrent sinusitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, gastrointestinal infections, allergies, autoimmune diseases |
| Complications | Increased risk of autoimmune diseases, allergic reactions, infections |
| Onset | Usually diagnosed in childhood or adulthood |
| Duration | Lifelong |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Genetic factors, environmental factors |
| Risks | Family history of immunodeficiency, autoimmune diseases |
| Diagnosis | Blood test showing low or absent IgA levels |
| Differential diagnosis | Common variable immunodeficiency, X-linked agammaglobulinemia |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | No specific treatment; management of infections and complications |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Generally good with proper management |
| Frequency | 1 in 300 to 1 in 500 people in the United States |
| Deaths | N/A |
Selective immunoglobulin A deficiency (SIgAD) is a genetic disorder in which the body produces little or no Immunoglobulin A (IgA). This is the most common of the primary antibody deficiencies.
Signs and Symptoms[edit]
People with SIgAD may appear healthy and symptom-free. However, some people may have frequent infections, particularly of the sinuses, lungs, and gastrointestinal tract. Other symptoms may include allergies, asthma, and autoimmune diseases.
Causes[edit]
The exact cause of SIgAD is unknown. It is believed to be a genetic disorder, but the specific genes involved have not been identified. It is also thought that environmental factors may play a role.
Diagnosis[edit]
SIgAD is diagnosed through a blood test that measures the level of IgA in the blood. A diagnosis of SIgAD is made when the IgA level is very low or absent, and other causes of low IgA have been ruled out.
Treatment[edit]
There is no cure for SIgAD. Treatment is aimed at managing symptoms and preventing infections. This may include antibiotic therapy for infections, immunoglobulin therapy for those with severe symptoms, and vaccination to prevent infections.
See Also[edit]
References[edit]
<references />
