Common variable immunodeficiency

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a disorder that impairs the immune system. People with CVID are highly susceptible to infection from foreign invaders such as bacteria, or more rarely, viruses and often develop recurrent infections, particularly in the lungs, sinuses, and ears.

Pronunciation

Common variable immunodeficiency: /ˈkɒmən ˈveərɪəbəl ˌɪmjuːnəʊdɪˈfɪʃənsi/

Etymology

The term "Common variable immunodeficiency" is derived from its common occurrence, variable presentation, and its effect on the immune system (immunodeficiency).

Symptoms

People with CVID may start to have symptoms at any age. Symptoms can range from mild to severe. They can also change over time. The most common symptoms include:

• Frequent infections
• Fatigue
• Loss of appetite
• Weight loss
• Swollen lymph nodes or glands

Causes

CVID is caused by a defect in the cells of the immune system that produce antibodies (called B cells). This defect results in low levels of these antibodies, which are needed to fight off infections.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of CVID involves blood tests to measure levels of immunoglobulins, a type of protein that is part of the immune system. Other tests may be done to assess the function of the immune system.

Treatment

Treatment for CVID involves replacing the missing antibodies and treating any infections that occur. This is often done through immunoglobulin replacement therapy.

Related Terms

• Immunoglobulin
• Antibody
• B cells
• Immunodeficiency
• Infection

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Common variable immunodeficiency
• Wikipedia's article - Common variable immunodeficiency

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