Intraventricular hemorrhage: Difference between revisions
CSV import Tags: mobile edit mobile web edit |
CSV import |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{SI}} | |||
{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Intraventricular hemorrhage | |||
| image = [[File:Intracerebral_hemorrhage.jpg|250px]] | |||
| caption = CT scan showing intraventricular hemorrhage | |||
| field = [[Neurology]], [[Neurosurgery]] | |||
| synonyms = IVH | |||
| symptoms = [[Headache]], [[nausea]], [[vomiting]], [[altered mental status]], [[seizures]] | |||
| complications = [[Hydrocephalus]], [[cerebral vasospasm]], [[brain damage]] | |||
| onset = Sudden | |||
| duration = Variable | |||
| causes = [[Trauma]], [[aneurysm]], [[arteriovenous malformation]], [[hypertension]] | |||
| risks = [[Premature birth]], [[coagulopathy]], [[anticoagulant therapy]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[CT scan]], [[MRI]] | |||
| differential = [[Subarachnoid hemorrhage]], [[intracerebral hemorrhage]], [[stroke]] | |||
| treatment = [[Supportive care]], [[surgery]], [[ventricular drainage]] | |||
| prognosis = Variable, depends on severity and underlying cause | |||
| frequency = Common in premature infants, less common in adults | |||
}} | |||
'''Intraventricular Hemorrhage''' (IVH) is a type of [[bleeding]] that occurs in the [[ventricles]], or fluid-filled areas, of the [[brain]]. This condition is most common in [[premature infants]], especially those with a low birth weight. | '''Intraventricular Hemorrhage''' (IVH) is a type of [[bleeding]] that occurs in the [[ventricles]], or fluid-filled areas, of the [[brain]]. This condition is most common in [[premature infants]], especially those with a low birth weight. | ||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
The blood vessels in a premature infant's brain are very fragile and can burst easily. This can lead to IVH. The risk of IVH increases with the degree of prematurity; the more premature the baby, the higher the risk. Other factors that can increase the risk of IVH include a difficult delivery, infection, and a lack of oxygen or blood flow to the brain. | The blood vessels in a premature infant's brain are very fragile and can burst easily. This can lead to IVH. The risk of IVH increases with the degree of prematurity; the more premature the baby, the higher the risk. Other factors that can increase the risk of IVH include a difficult delivery, infection, and a lack of oxygen or blood flow to the brain. | ||
==Symptoms== | ==Symptoms== | ||
Symptoms of IVH can vary depending on the severity of the bleeding. They can include changes in breathing or heart rate, decreased muscle tone, seizures, and a swollen or tense [[fontanelle]] (the soft spot on the top of a baby's head). | Symptoms of IVH can vary depending on the severity of the bleeding. They can include changes in breathing or heart rate, decreased muscle tone, seizures, and a swollen or tense [[fontanelle]] (the soft spot on the top of a baby's head). | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
IVH is usually diagnosed with an [[ultrasound]] of the head. This test uses sound waves to create images of the brain and can detect any areas of bleeding. | IVH is usually diagnosed with an [[ultrasound]] of the head. This test uses sound waves to create images of the brain and can detect any areas of bleeding. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
Treatment for IVH focuses on managing the symptoms and preventing further bleeding. This can include medications to control seizures and procedures to drain excess fluid from the brain. | Treatment for IVH focuses on managing the symptoms and preventing further bleeding. This can include medications to control seizures and procedures to drain excess fluid from the brain. | ||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
The prognosis for IVH depends on the severity of the bleeding and the presence of other health problems. Some babies with IVH may have long-term neurological problems, such as [[cerebral palsy]] or [[developmental delay]]. | The prognosis for IVH depends on the severity of the bleeding and the presence of other health problems. Some babies with IVH may have long-term neurological problems, such as [[cerebral palsy]] or [[developmental delay]]. | ||
==Prevention== | ==Prevention== | ||
While it's not always possible to prevent IVH, steps can be taken to reduce the risk. This includes providing high-quality prenatal care, preventing premature birth whenever possible, and managing the health of the baby immediately after birth. | While it's not always possible to prevent IVH, steps can be taken to reduce the risk. This includes providing high-quality prenatal care, preventing premature birth whenever possible, and managing the health of the baby immediately after birth. | ||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
* [[Premature birth]] | * [[Premature birth]] | ||
* [[Cerebral Palsy]] | * [[Cerebral Palsy]] | ||
* [[Developmental delay]] | * [[Developmental delay]] | ||
[[Category:Medical Conditions]] | [[Category:Medical Conditions]] | ||
[[Category:Neurological Disorders]] | [[Category:Neurological Disorders]] | ||
[[Category:Pediatrics]] | [[Category:Pediatrics]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 21:18, 6 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Intraventricular hemorrhage | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | IVH |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Headache, nausea, vomiting, altered mental status, seizures |
| Complications | Hydrocephalus, cerebral vasospasm, brain damage |
| Onset | Sudden |
| Duration | Variable |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Trauma, aneurysm, arteriovenous malformation, hypertension |
| Risks | Premature birth, coagulopathy, anticoagulant therapy |
| Diagnosis | CT scan, MRI |
| Differential diagnosis | Subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracerebral hemorrhage, stroke |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Supportive care, surgery, ventricular drainage |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Variable, depends on severity and underlying cause |
| Frequency | Common in premature infants, less common in adults |
| Deaths | N/A |
Intraventricular Hemorrhage (IVH) is a type of bleeding that occurs in the ventricles, or fluid-filled areas, of the brain. This condition is most common in premature infants, especially those with a low birth weight.
Causes[edit]
The blood vessels in a premature infant's brain are very fragile and can burst easily. This can lead to IVH. The risk of IVH increases with the degree of prematurity; the more premature the baby, the higher the risk. Other factors that can increase the risk of IVH include a difficult delivery, infection, and a lack of oxygen or blood flow to the brain.
Symptoms[edit]
Symptoms of IVH can vary depending on the severity of the bleeding. They can include changes in breathing or heart rate, decreased muscle tone, seizures, and a swollen or tense fontanelle (the soft spot on the top of a baby's head).
Diagnosis[edit]
IVH is usually diagnosed with an ultrasound of the head. This test uses sound waves to create images of the brain and can detect any areas of bleeding.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for IVH focuses on managing the symptoms and preventing further bleeding. This can include medications to control seizures and procedures to drain excess fluid from the brain.
Prognosis[edit]
The prognosis for IVH depends on the severity of the bleeding and the presence of other health problems. Some babies with IVH may have long-term neurological problems, such as cerebral palsy or developmental delay.
Prevention[edit]
While it's not always possible to prevent IVH, steps can be taken to reduce the risk. This includes providing high-quality prenatal care, preventing premature birth whenever possible, and managing the health of the baby immediately after birth.
