Lactic acidosis: Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
CSV import |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{SI}} | |||
{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Lactic acidosis | |||
| image = [[File:Lactic-acid-skeletal.svg|200px]] | |||
| caption = Skeletal formula of [[lactic acid]] | |||
| field = [[Endocrinology]], [[Critical care medicine]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Nausea]], [[vomiting]], [[abdominal pain]], [[tachypnea]], [[confusion]], [[lethargy]] | |||
| complications = [[Shock (circulatory)|Shock]], [[multi-organ failure]] | |||
| onset = Rapid | |||
| duration = Variable | |||
| causes = [[Tissue hypoxia]], [[sepsis]], [[liver failure]], [[metformin]] overdose, [[alcoholism]], [[cancer]] | |||
| risks = [[Diabetes mellitus]], [[kidney disease]], [[heart failure]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Arterial blood gas]], [[serum lactate]] | |||
| differential = [[Ketoacidosis]], [[uremia]], [[intoxication]] | |||
| treatment = [[Oxygen therapy]], [[intravenous fluids]], [[bicarbonate]] | |||
| medication = [[Sodium bicarbonate]], [[thiamine]] | |||
| prognosis = Depends on underlying cause | |||
| frequency = Common in [[intensive care unit]] settings | |||
}} | |||
'''Lactic acidosis''' is a medical condition characterized by the buildup of [[lactate]] (especially L-lactate) in the body, which results in an excessively low [[pH]] in the bloodstream. It is a form of [[metabolic acidosis]], in which excessive acid accumulates due to a problem with the body's metabolism of lactic acid. | '''Lactic acidosis''' is a medical condition characterized by the buildup of [[lactate]] (especially L-lactate) in the body, which results in an excessively low [[pH]] in the bloodstream. It is a form of [[metabolic acidosis]], in which excessive acid accumulates due to a problem with the body's metabolism of lactic acid. | ||
== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
Lactic acidosis is typically the result of an underlying acute or chronic medical condition, medication, or poisoning. The symptoms of lactic acidosis are highly variable and can be nonspecific, such as weakness, nausea, and vomiting. | Lactic acidosis is typically the result of an underlying acute or chronic medical condition, medication, or poisoning. The symptoms of lactic acidosis are highly variable and can be nonspecific, such as weakness, nausea, and vomiting. | ||
=== Type A === | === Type A === | ||
Type A lactic acidosis, the most serious form, occurs when the body's oxygen level drops significantly. It can be caused by severe illness, such as [[sepsis]] or [[shock]], or conditions that cause a reduced supply of blood to tissues, such as heart failure or pulmonary embolism. | Type A lactic acidosis, the most serious form, occurs when the body's oxygen level drops significantly. It can be caused by severe illness, such as [[sepsis]] or [[shock]], or conditions that cause a reduced supply of blood to tissues, such as heart failure or pulmonary embolism. | ||
=== Type B === | === Type B === | ||
Type B lactic acidosis is less severe and is not associated with tissue hypoxia. It can be caused by certain diseases, such as liver disease or cancer, certain drugs or toxins, such as metformin or alcohol, or certain rare inherited forms of lactic acidosis. | Type B lactic acidosis is less severe and is not associated with tissue hypoxia. It can be caused by certain diseases, such as liver disease or cancer, certain drugs or toxins, such as metformin or alcohol, or certain rare inherited forms of lactic acidosis. | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
The diagnosis of lactic acidosis is based on blood tests that show a high lactate level and a low pH. Other tests may be needed to determine the underlying cause. | The diagnosis of lactic acidosis is based on blood tests that show a high lactate level and a low pH. Other tests may be needed to determine the underlying cause. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
The treatment of lactic acidosis depends on the underlying cause. In general, the goal of treatment is to correct the metabolic imbalance by treating the underlying condition, stopping drug use, or reversing the effects of poisoning. | The treatment of lactic acidosis depends on the underlying cause. In general, the goal of treatment is to correct the metabolic imbalance by treating the underlying condition, stopping drug use, or reversing the effects of poisoning. | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Metabolic acidosis]] | * [[Metabolic acidosis]] | ||
* [[Lactate dehydrogenase]] | * [[Lactate dehydrogenase]] | ||
* [[Lactic acid]] | * [[Lactic acid]] | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
[[Category:Acid–base disturbances]] | [[Category:Acid–base disturbances]] | ||
[[Category:Medical emergencies]] | [[Category:Medical emergencies]] | ||
[[Category:Metabolic disorders]] | [[Category:Metabolic disorders]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 21:10, 6 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Lactic acidosis | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | N/A |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, tachypnea, confusion, lethargy |
| Complications | Shock, multi-organ failure |
| Onset | Rapid |
| Duration | Variable |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Tissue hypoxia, sepsis, liver failure, metformin overdose, alcoholism, cancer |
| Risks | Diabetes mellitus, kidney disease, heart failure |
| Diagnosis | Arterial blood gas, serum lactate |
| Differential diagnosis | Ketoacidosis, uremia, intoxication |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Oxygen therapy, intravenous fluids, bicarbonate |
| Medication | Sodium bicarbonate, thiamine |
| Prognosis | Depends on underlying cause |
| Frequency | Common in intensive care unit settings |
| Deaths | N/A |
Lactic acidosis is a medical condition characterized by the buildup of lactate (especially L-lactate) in the body, which results in an excessively low pH in the bloodstream. It is a form of metabolic acidosis, in which excessive acid accumulates due to a problem with the body's metabolism of lactic acid.
Causes[edit]
Lactic acidosis is typically the result of an underlying acute or chronic medical condition, medication, or poisoning. The symptoms of lactic acidosis are highly variable and can be nonspecific, such as weakness, nausea, and vomiting.
Type A[edit]
Type A lactic acidosis, the most serious form, occurs when the body's oxygen level drops significantly. It can be caused by severe illness, such as sepsis or shock, or conditions that cause a reduced supply of blood to tissues, such as heart failure or pulmonary embolism.
Type B[edit]
Type B lactic acidosis is less severe and is not associated with tissue hypoxia. It can be caused by certain diseases, such as liver disease or cancer, certain drugs or toxins, such as metformin or alcohol, or certain rare inherited forms of lactic acidosis.
Diagnosis[edit]
The diagnosis of lactic acidosis is based on blood tests that show a high lactate level and a low pH. Other tests may be needed to determine the underlying cause.
Treatment[edit]
The treatment of lactic acidosis depends on the underlying cause. In general, the goal of treatment is to correct the metabolic imbalance by treating the underlying condition, stopping drug use, or reversing the effects of poisoning.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
<references />
