Iodine deficiency: Difference between revisions
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{{SI}} | |||
{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Iodine deficiency | |||
| image = [[File:Sequence_of_123-iodide_total_body_human_scintiscans.jpg|250px]] | |||
| caption = Sequence of 123-iodide total body human scintiscans | |||
| field = [[Endocrinology]] | |||
| synonyms = | |||
| symptoms = [[Goiter]], [[hypothyroidism]], [[intellectual disability]] | |||
| complications = [[Cretinism]], [[developmental delay]], [[decreased fertility]] | |||
| onset = | |||
| duration = | |||
| types = | |||
| causes = [[Iodine]] deficiency in diet | |||
| risks = Living in areas with iodine-deficient soil | |||
| diagnosis = [[Urinary iodine concentration]], [[thyroid function tests]] | |||
| differential = | |||
| prevention = [[Iodized salt]], iodine supplements | |||
| treatment = Iodine supplementation, [[thyroid hormone replacement]] | |||
| medication = | |||
| prognosis = Generally good with treatment | |||
| frequency = Affects approximately 2 billion people worldwide | |||
| deaths = | |||
}} | |||
'''Iodine deficiency''' is a health problem that occurs when a person does not get enough [[iodine]] in their diet. It is a common cause of [[goiter]] and [[hypothyroidism]]. | '''Iodine deficiency''' is a health problem that occurs when a person does not get enough [[iodine]] in their diet. It is a common cause of [[goiter]] and [[hypothyroidism]]. | ||
== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
Iodine deficiency is usually caused by a lack of iodine in the diet. This can occur in areas where the soil is low in iodine, and the food grown in that soil is therefore also low in iodine. Other causes can include a diet high in [[goitrogen]]s, substances that interfere with the body's ability to use iodine. | Iodine deficiency is usually caused by a lack of iodine in the diet. This can occur in areas where the soil is low in iodine, and the food grown in that soil is therefore also low in iodine. Other causes can include a diet high in [[goitrogen]]s, substances that interfere with the body's ability to use iodine. | ||
== Symptoms == | == Symptoms == | ||
The symptoms of iodine deficiency can vary depending on the severity of the deficiency. They can include: | The symptoms of iodine deficiency can vary depending on the severity of the deficiency. They can include: | ||
* [[Fatigue]] | * [[Fatigue]] | ||
* [[Weight gain]] | * [[Weight gain]] | ||
| Line 16: | Line 36: | ||
* [[Menstrual problems]] | * [[Menstrual problems]] | ||
* [[Cold intolerance]] | * [[Cold intolerance]] | ||
In severe cases, iodine deficiency can lead to [[cretinism]], a condition characterized by severe physical and mental retardation. | In severe cases, iodine deficiency can lead to [[cretinism]], a condition characterized by severe physical and mental retardation. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
The treatment for iodine deficiency is to increase the intake of iodine. This can be done through diet, by eating foods high in iodine such as [[seafood]], [[dairy products]], and [[iodized salt]]. In some cases, iodine supplements may be recommended. | The treatment for iodine deficiency is to increase the intake of iodine. This can be done through diet, by eating foods high in iodine such as [[seafood]], [[dairy products]], and [[iodized salt]]. In some cases, iodine supplements may be recommended. | ||
== Prevention == | == Prevention == | ||
Iodine deficiency can be prevented by ensuring a sufficient intake of iodine in the diet. This can be done by eating a balanced diet that includes foods high in iodine, and by using iodized salt. | Iodine deficiency can be prevented by ensuring a sufficient intake of iodine in the diet. This can be done by eating a balanced diet that includes foods high in iodine, and by using iodized salt. | ||
== Iodine_deficiency gallery == | |||
<gallery> | |||
File:Iodine_pills.jpg|Iodine pills | |||
File:Iodine_deficiency_world_map-Deaths_per_million_persons-WHO2012.svg|Iodine deficiency world map - Deaths per million persons (WHO 2012) | |||
File:Iodine_deficiency_world_map_-_DALY_-_WHO2004.svg|Iodine deficiency world map - DALY (WHO 2004) | |||
</gallery> | |||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Goiter]] | * [[Goiter]] | ||
* [[Hypothyroidism]] | * [[Hypothyroidism]] | ||
* [[Cretinism]] | * [[Cretinism]] | ||
[[Category:Endocrine disorders]] | [[Category:Endocrine disorders]] | ||
[[Category:Nutritional deficiencies]] | [[Category:Nutritional deficiencies]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 03:05, 6 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD's medical weight loss NYC, sleep center NYC
Philadelphia medical weight loss and Philadelphia sleep clinics
| Iodine deficiency | |
|---|---|
| File:Sequence of 123-iodide total body human scintiscans.jpg | |
| Synonyms | |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Goiter, hypothyroidism, intellectual disability |
| Complications | Cretinism, developmental delay, decreased fertility |
| Onset | |
| Duration | |
| Types | |
| Causes | Iodine deficiency in diet |
| Risks | Living in areas with iodine-deficient soil |
| Diagnosis | Urinary iodine concentration, thyroid function tests |
| Differential diagnosis | |
| Prevention | Iodized salt, iodine supplements |
| Treatment | Iodine supplementation, thyroid hormone replacement |
| Medication | |
| Prognosis | Generally good with treatment |
| Frequency | Affects approximately 2 billion people worldwide |
| Deaths | |
Iodine deficiency is a health problem that occurs when a person does not get enough iodine in their diet. It is a common cause of goiter and hypothyroidism.
Causes[edit]
Iodine deficiency is usually caused by a lack of iodine in the diet. This can occur in areas where the soil is low in iodine, and the food grown in that soil is therefore also low in iodine. Other causes can include a diet high in goitrogens, substances that interfere with the body's ability to use iodine.
Symptoms[edit]
The symptoms of iodine deficiency can vary depending on the severity of the deficiency. They can include:
- Fatigue
- Weight gain
- Depression
- Memory problems
- Dry skin
- Hair loss
- Constipation
- Menstrual problems
- Cold intolerance
In severe cases, iodine deficiency can lead to cretinism, a condition characterized by severe physical and mental retardation.
Treatment[edit]
The treatment for iodine deficiency is to increase the intake of iodine. This can be done through diet, by eating foods high in iodine such as seafood, dairy products, and iodized salt. In some cases, iodine supplements may be recommended.
Prevention[edit]
Iodine deficiency can be prevented by ensuring a sufficient intake of iodine in the diet. This can be done by eating a balanced diet that includes foods high in iodine, and by using iodized salt.
Iodine_deficiency gallery[edit]
-
Iodine pills
-
Iodine deficiency world map - Deaths per million persons (WHO 2012)
-
Iodine deficiency world map - DALY (WHO 2004)
