Skeleton

Skeleton is the internal framework of the body, made up of bones, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments. It provides structure, support, and protection to the body, and also facilitates movement by providing attachment points for muscles.

Structure

The human skeleton consists of 206 bones, divided into two main parts: the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton.

Axial Skeleton

The axial skeleton consists of 80 bones and includes the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage. It forms the central core of the body and supports and protects the organs in the body cavities.

Appendicular Skeleton

The appendicular skeleton consists of 126 bones and includes the limbs and the pelvic girdle and pectoral girdle, which connect the limbs to the axial skeleton. It facilitates movement and manipulation of the environment.

Functions

The skeleton has several key functions:

• Support: The skeleton provides the framework that supports the body and maintains its shape.
• Protection: The skeleton protects the internal organs from injury. For example, the skull protects the brain, and the rib cage protects the heart and lungs.
• Movement: The skeleton, in conjunction with the muscles, allows for a wide range of movement.
• Mineral storage: Bones store minerals, particularly calcium and phosphorus, which can be released into the body when needed.
• Blood cell production: The bone marrow within certain bones produces red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.

Disorders

There are many disorders that can affect the skeleton, including osteoporosis, arthritis, and fractures. These can result in pain, limited mobility, and other complications.

See also

• Bone
• Musculoskeletal system
• Orthopedics

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