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= | {{Short description|A naturally occurring flavonoid found in many plants}} | ||
{{Chembox | |||
| verifiedrevid = 477241679 | |||
| ImageFile = Apigenin.svg | |||
| ImageSize = 200px | |||
| ImageFile1 = Apigenin-3D-balls.png | |||
| ImageSize1 = 200px | |||
| IUPACName = 4_,5,7-Trihydroxyflavone | |||
| OtherNames = Apigenol, Versulin | |||
}} | |||
'''Apigenin''' is a naturally occurring [[flavonoid]] found in many [[plants]], including [[parsley]], [[celery]], [[chamomile]], and [[oranges]]. It is a type of [[polyphenol]] known for its potential health benefits and is a subject of interest in [[nutritional science]] and [[pharmacology]]. | |||
== | ==Chemical Structure and Properties== | ||
Apigenin is classified as a [[flavone]], a type of flavonoid characterized by a 15-carbon skeleton consisting of two [[phenyl rings]] and a heterocyclic ring. Its chemical formula is C<sub>15</sub>H<sub>10</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, and it is known for its yellow crystalline appearance. The compound is relatively insoluble in water but can dissolve in organic solvents such as [[ethanol]]. | |||
== | ==Sources of Apigenin== | ||
Apigenin is widely distributed in the plant kingdom. It is found in high concentrations in: | |||
* [[Parsley]] (Petroselinum crispum) | |||
* [[Celery]] (Apium graveolens) | |||
* [[Chamomile]] (Matricaria chamomilla) | |||
* [[Oranges]] (Citrus sinensis) | |||
These plants are often used in traditional medicine and culinary practices, contributing to the dietary intake of apigenin. | |||
== | ==Biological Activities== | ||
Apigenin has been studied for its potential [[antioxidant]], [[anti-inflammatory]], and [[anticancer]] properties. It is believed to exert these effects by modulating various [[cell signaling pathways]] and [[gene expression]]. | |||
== | ===Antioxidant Properties=== | ||
As an antioxidant, apigenin can scavenge [[free radicals]] and reduce oxidative stress, which is implicated in the pathogenesis of various chronic diseases, including [[cardiovascular disease]] and [[neurodegenerative disorders]]. | |||
== | ===Anti-inflammatory Effects=== | ||
Apigenin has been shown to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes, such as [[cyclooxygenase]] and [[lipoxygenase]], which play a role in the inflammatory response. | |||
== | ===Anticancer Potential=== | ||
Research suggests that apigenin may have anticancer effects by inducing [[apoptosis]] (programmed cell death) in cancer cells, inhibiting cell proliferation, and preventing [[metastasis]]. It has been studied in various cancer models, including [[breast cancer]], [[prostate cancer]], and [[colon cancer]]. | |||
== | ==Potential Health Benefits== | ||
The | The consumption of apigenin-rich foods is associated with several health benefits, including: | ||
* Improved [[cardiovascular health]] | |||
* Enhanced [[immune function]] | |||
* Reduced risk of certain [[cancers]] | |||
* Neuroprotective effects, potentially lowering the risk of [[Alzheimer's disease]] | |||
== | ==Safety and Toxicity== | ||
Apigenin is generally considered safe when consumed as part of a regular diet. However, high doses, such as those found in supplements, may have adverse effects and should be used with caution. | |||
== | ==Related Pages== | ||
* [[ | * [[Flavonoid]] | ||
* [[ | * [[Antioxidant]] | ||
* [[ | * [[Phytochemical]] | ||
* [[Herbal medicine]] | |||
== | ==Gallery== | ||
<gallery> | |||
File:Apigenin.svg|Chemical structure of Apigenin | |||
File:Apigenin-3D-balls.png|3D ball-and-stick model of Apigenin | |||
</gallery> | |||
[[Category:Flavonoids]] | |||
[[Category:Antioxidants]] | |||
[[Category:Phytochemicals]] | |||
[[Category: | |||
[[Category: | |||
[[Category: | |||
Revision as of 18:55, 11 February 2025
A naturally occurring flavonoid found in many plants
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Apigenin is a naturally occurring flavonoid found in many plants, including parsley, celery, chamomile, and oranges. It is a type of polyphenol known for its potential health benefits and is a subject of interest in nutritional science and pharmacology.
Chemical Structure and Properties
Apigenin is classified as a flavone, a type of flavonoid characterized by a 15-carbon skeleton consisting of two phenyl rings and a heterocyclic ring. Its chemical formula is C15H10O5, and it is known for its yellow crystalline appearance. The compound is relatively insoluble in water but can dissolve in organic solvents such as ethanol.
Sources of Apigenin
Apigenin is widely distributed in the plant kingdom. It is found in high concentrations in:
- Parsley (Petroselinum crispum)
- Celery (Apium graveolens)
- Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla)
- Oranges (Citrus sinensis)
These plants are often used in traditional medicine and culinary practices, contributing to the dietary intake of apigenin.
Biological Activities
Apigenin has been studied for its potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. It is believed to exert these effects by modulating various cell signaling pathways and gene expression.
Antioxidant Properties
As an antioxidant, apigenin can scavenge free radicals and reduce oxidative stress, which is implicated in the pathogenesis of various chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease and neurodegenerative disorders.
Anti-inflammatory Effects
Apigenin has been shown to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes, such as cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase, which play a role in the inflammatory response.
Anticancer Potential
Research suggests that apigenin may have anticancer effects by inducing apoptosis (programmed cell death) in cancer cells, inhibiting cell proliferation, and preventing metastasis. It has been studied in various cancer models, including breast cancer, prostate cancer, and colon cancer.
Potential Health Benefits
The consumption of apigenin-rich foods is associated with several health benefits, including:
- Improved cardiovascular health
- Enhanced immune function
- Reduced risk of certain cancers
- Neuroprotective effects, potentially lowering the risk of Alzheimer's disease
Safety and Toxicity
Apigenin is generally considered safe when consumed as part of a regular diet. However, high doses, such as those found in supplements, may have adverse effects and should be used with caution.
Related Pages
Gallery
-
Chemical structure of Apigenin -
3D ball-and-stick model of Apigenin
