Intermenstrual bleeding: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Intermenstrual bleeding | |||
| synonyms = Metrorrhagia | |||
| field = [[Gynecology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Vaginal bleeding]] between regular [[menstrual cycle|menstrual periods]] | |||
| complications = [[Anemia]], [[infertility]] | |||
| onset = Any age after [[menarche]] | |||
| duration = Varies | |||
| causes = [[Hormonal imbalance]], [[uterine fibroids]], [[endometrial polyps]], [[ovulation]], [[cervical cancer]], [[endometrial cancer]], [[pelvic inflammatory disease]], [[contraceptive]] use | |||
| risks = [[Age]], [[obesity]], [[smoking]], [[family history]] of [[gynecological conditions]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Pelvic examination]], [[ultrasound]], [[hysteroscopy]], [[endometrial biopsy]] | |||
| differential = [[Dysfunctional uterine bleeding]], [[endometriosis]], [[adenomyosis]] | |||
| prevention = Regular [[gynecological examination]]s, [[hormonal therapy]] | |||
| treatment = Depends on cause; may include [[hormonal therapy]], [[surgery]], [[antibiotics]] | |||
| frequency = Common | |||
}} | |||
'''Intermenstrual bleeding''' is a clinical term that refers to vaginal bleeding occurring at any time during the menstrual cycle other than the normal [[menstrual period]]. It is also known as [[metrorrhagia]] or spotting between periods. | '''Intermenstrual bleeding''' is a clinical term that refers to vaginal bleeding occurring at any time during the menstrual cycle other than the normal [[menstrual period]]. It is also known as [[metrorrhagia]] or spotting between periods. | ||
== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
There are several potential causes of intermenstrual bleeding, including: | There are several potential causes of intermenstrual bleeding, including: | ||
* '''[[Hormonal imbalances]]''': These can occur due to changes in [[contraceptive methods]], [[menopause]], [[polycystic ovary syndrome]] (PCOS), or [[thyroid disorders]]. | * '''[[Hormonal imbalances]]''': These can occur due to changes in [[contraceptive methods]], [[menopause]], [[polycystic ovary syndrome]] (PCOS), or [[thyroid disorders]]. | ||
* '''[[Uterine fibroids]]''': These are non-cancerous growths in the uterus that can cause bleeding between periods. | * '''[[Uterine fibroids]]''': These are non-cancerous growths in the uterus that can cause bleeding between periods. | ||
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* '''[[Sexually transmitted infections]] (STIs)''': Certain STIs, such as [[chlamydia]] and [[gonorrhea]], can cause bleeding between periods. | * '''[[Sexually transmitted infections]] (STIs)''': Certain STIs, such as [[chlamydia]] and [[gonorrhea]], can cause bleeding between periods. | ||
* '''[[Cancer]]''': In rare cases, intermenstrual bleeding can be a sign of [[uterine cancer]], [[cervical cancer]], or [[ovarian cancer]]. | * '''[[Cancer]]''': In rare cases, intermenstrual bleeding can be a sign of [[uterine cancer]], [[cervical cancer]], or [[ovarian cancer]]. | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
The diagnosis of intermenstrual bleeding typically involves a thorough medical history and physical examination, including a [[pelvic examination]]. Additional tests may include: | The diagnosis of intermenstrual bleeding typically involves a thorough medical history and physical examination, including a [[pelvic examination]]. Additional tests may include: | ||
* '''[[Pap smear]]''': This test checks for changes in the cells of the cervix, which can indicate cervical cancer. | * '''[[Pap smear]]''': This test checks for changes in the cells of the cervix, which can indicate cervical cancer. | ||
* '''[[Endometrial biopsy]]''': A small sample of the lining of the uterus is taken and examined under a microscope. | * '''[[Endometrial biopsy]]''': A small sample of the lining of the uterus is taken and examined under a microscope. | ||
* '''[[Ultrasound]]''': This imaging test can help identify any abnormalities in the uterus or ovaries. | * '''[[Ultrasound]]''': This imaging test can help identify any abnormalities in the uterus or ovaries. | ||
* '''[[Hysteroscopy]]''': A thin, lighted tube is inserted into the vagina to examine the cervix and inside of the uterus. | * '''[[Hysteroscopy]]''': A thin, lighted tube is inserted into the vagina to examine the cervix and inside of the uterus. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
Treatment for intermenstrual bleeding depends on the underlying cause. It may include: | Treatment for intermenstrual bleeding depends on the underlying cause. It may include: | ||
* '''[[Hormonal therapy]]''': This can help regulate the menstrual cycle and reduce bleeding. | * '''[[Hormonal therapy]]''': This can help regulate the menstrual cycle and reduce bleeding. | ||
* '''[[Surgery]]''': In some cases, surgical removal of fibroids or endometrial tissue may be necessary. | * '''[[Surgery]]''': In some cases, surgical removal of fibroids or endometrial tissue may be necessary. | ||
* '''[[Antibiotics]]''': If an STI is the cause, antibiotics can treat the infection and stop the bleeding. | * '''[[Antibiotics]]''': If an STI is the cause, antibiotics can treat the infection and stop the bleeding. | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Menstrual cycle]] | * [[Menstrual cycle]] | ||
* [[Menorrhagia]] | * [[Menorrhagia]] | ||
* [[Dysmenorrhea]] | * [[Dysmenorrhea]] | ||
[[Category:Gynecology]] | [[Category:Gynecology]] | ||
[[Category:Symptoms and signs]] | [[Category:Symptoms and signs]] | ||
[[Category:Women's health]] | [[Category:Women's health]] | ||
{{Gynecology-stub}} | {{Gynecology-stub}} | ||
{{No image}} | {{No image}} | ||
Latest revision as of 03:52, 4 April 2025
| Intermenstrual bleeding | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | Metrorrhagia |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Vaginal bleeding between regular menstrual periods |
| Complications | Anemia, infertility |
| Onset | Any age after menarche |
| Duration | Varies |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Hormonal imbalance, uterine fibroids, endometrial polyps, ovulation, cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, pelvic inflammatory disease, contraceptive use |
| Risks | Age, obesity, smoking, family history of gynecological conditions |
| Diagnosis | Pelvic examination, ultrasound, hysteroscopy, endometrial biopsy |
| Differential diagnosis | Dysfunctional uterine bleeding, endometriosis, adenomyosis |
| Prevention | Regular gynecological examinations, hormonal therapy |
| Treatment | Depends on cause; may include hormonal therapy, surgery, antibiotics |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | N/A |
| Frequency | Common |
| Deaths | N/A |
Intermenstrual bleeding is a clinical term that refers to vaginal bleeding occurring at any time during the menstrual cycle other than the normal menstrual period. It is also known as metrorrhagia or spotting between periods.
Causes[edit]
There are several potential causes of intermenstrual bleeding, including:
- Hormonal imbalances: These can occur due to changes in contraceptive methods, menopause, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), or thyroid disorders.
- Uterine fibroids: These are non-cancerous growths in the uterus that can cause bleeding between periods.
- Endometriosis: This is a condition where tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus, which can lead to intermenstrual bleeding.
- Sexually transmitted infections (STIs): Certain STIs, such as chlamydia and gonorrhea, can cause bleeding between periods.
- Cancer: In rare cases, intermenstrual bleeding can be a sign of uterine cancer, cervical cancer, or ovarian cancer.
Diagnosis[edit]
The diagnosis of intermenstrual bleeding typically involves a thorough medical history and physical examination, including a pelvic examination. Additional tests may include:
- Pap smear: This test checks for changes in the cells of the cervix, which can indicate cervical cancer.
- Endometrial biopsy: A small sample of the lining of the uterus is taken and examined under a microscope.
- Ultrasound: This imaging test can help identify any abnormalities in the uterus or ovaries.
- Hysteroscopy: A thin, lighted tube is inserted into the vagina to examine the cervix and inside of the uterus.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for intermenstrual bleeding depends on the underlying cause. It may include:
- Hormonal therapy: This can help regulate the menstrual cycle and reduce bleeding.
- Surgery: In some cases, surgical removal of fibroids or endometrial tissue may be necessary.
- Antibiotics: If an STI is the cause, antibiotics can treat the infection and stop the bleeding.
See also[edit]
This gynecology related article is a stub. You can help WikiMD by expanding it.
