Cervical artery dissection: Difference between revisions
From WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Cervical artery dissection | |||
| image = [[File:Vertebral_artery.png|left|thumb|Diagram of the vertebral artery]] | |||
| caption = Diagram of the vertebral artery | |||
| field = [[Neurology]] | |||
| synonyms = | |||
| symptoms = [[Headache]], [[neck pain]], [[ischemic stroke]] | |||
| complications = [[Stroke]], [[subarachnoid hemorrhage]] | |||
| onset = | |||
| duration = | |||
| types = [[Carotid artery dissection]], [[vertebral artery dissection]] | |||
| causes = [[Trauma]], [[connective tissue disorders]] | |||
| risks = [[Hypertension]], [[smoking]], [[migraine]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Magnetic resonance imaging|MRI]], [[CT angiography]] | |||
| differential = [[Migraine]], [[cluster headache]], [[tension headache]] | |||
| prevention = | |||
| treatment = [[Anticoagulation]], [[antiplatelet therapy]] | |||
| medication = [[Heparin]], [[aspirin]] | |||
| prognosis = | |||
| frequency = | |||
| deaths = | |||
}} | |||
{{Short description|A condition involving a tear in the cervical arteries}} | {{Short description|A condition involving a tear in the cervical arteries}} | ||
==Cervical Artery Dissection== | ==Cervical Artery Dissection== | ||
[[File:Vertebral_artery.png|thumb | [[File:Vertebral_artery.png|left|thumb|Diagram of the vertebral artery, one of the arteries that can be affected by cervical artery dissection.]] | ||
'''Cervical artery dissection''' is a condition where there is a tear in one of the major arteries in the neck, specifically the [[carotid artery]] or the [[vertebral artery]]. This tear can lead to the formation of a blood clot, which may result in a [[stroke]] if the clot travels to the brain. | '''Cervical artery dissection''' is a condition where there is a tear in one of the major arteries in the neck, specifically the [[carotid artery]] or the [[vertebral artery]]. This tear can lead to the formation of a blood clot, which may result in a [[stroke]] if the clot travels to the brain. | ||
==Pathophysiology== | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
Cervical artery dissection occurs when there is a tear in the [[tunica intima]], the innermost layer of the artery wall. This tear allows blood to enter the arterial wall and form a [[hematoma]], which can lead to stenosis or complete occlusion of the artery. The dissection can also create a false lumen, which may lead to an [[aneurysm]]. | Cervical artery dissection occurs when there is a tear in the [[tunica intima]], the innermost layer of the artery wall. This tear allows blood to enter the arterial wall and form a [[hematoma]], which can lead to stenosis or complete occlusion of the artery. The dissection can also create a false lumen, which may lead to an [[aneurysm]]. | ||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
The exact cause of cervical artery dissection is not always clear, but it can be associated with: | The exact cause of cervical artery dissection is not always clear, but it can be associated with: | ||
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* Connective tissue disorders, such as [[Ehlers-Danlos syndrome]] or [[Marfan syndrome]]. | * Connective tissue disorders, such as [[Ehlers-Danlos syndrome]] or [[Marfan syndrome]]. | ||
* [[Hypertension]] and other vascular risk factors. | * [[Hypertension]] and other vascular risk factors. | ||
==Symptoms== | ==Symptoms== | ||
Symptoms of cervical artery dissection can vary but often include: | Symptoms of cervical artery dissection can vary but often include: | ||
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* [[Horner's syndrome]], characterized by ptosis, miosis, and anhidrosis. | * [[Horner's syndrome]], characterized by ptosis, miosis, and anhidrosis. | ||
* [[Ischemic stroke]] symptoms, such as weakness or numbness on one side of the body, difficulty speaking, or vision changes. | * [[Ischemic stroke]] symptoms, such as weakness or numbness on one side of the body, difficulty speaking, or vision changes. | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
Diagnosis of cervical artery dissection typically involves imaging studies such as: | Diagnosis of cervical artery dissection typically involves imaging studies such as: | ||
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* [[Computed tomography angiography]] (CTA). | * [[Computed tomography angiography]] (CTA). | ||
* [[Ultrasound]] of the neck vessels. | * [[Ultrasound]] of the neck vessels. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
Treatment for cervical artery dissection may include: | Treatment for cervical artery dissection may include: | ||
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* [[Antiplatelet]] therapy, such as [[aspirin]]. | * [[Antiplatelet]] therapy, such as [[aspirin]]. | ||
* In some cases, surgical intervention or [[endovascular]] procedures may be necessary. | * In some cases, surgical intervention or [[endovascular]] procedures may be necessary. | ||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
The prognosis for individuals with cervical artery dissection varies. Many patients recover fully with appropriate treatment, but some may experience long-term neurological deficits if a stroke occurs. | The prognosis for individuals with cervical artery dissection varies. Many patients recover fully with appropriate treatment, but some may experience long-term neurological deficits if a stroke occurs. | ||
==See also== | |||
== | |||
* [[Stroke]] | * [[Stroke]] | ||
* [[Carotid artery dissection]] | * [[Carotid artery dissection]] | ||
* [[Vertebral artery]] | * [[Vertebral artery]] | ||
* [[Horner's syndrome]] | * [[Horner's syndrome]] | ||
[[Category:Vascular diseases]] | [[Category:Vascular diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Neurology]] | [[Category:Neurology]] | ||
Latest revision as of 21:26, 4 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Cervical artery dissection | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Synonyms | |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Headache, neck pain, ischemic stroke |
| Complications | Stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage |
| Onset | |
| Duration | |
| Types | Carotid artery dissection, vertebral artery dissection |
| Causes | Trauma, connective tissue disorders |
| Risks | Hypertension, smoking, migraine |
| Diagnosis | MRI, CT angiography |
| Differential diagnosis | Migraine, cluster headache, tension headache |
| Prevention | |
| Treatment | Anticoagulation, antiplatelet therapy |
| Medication | Heparin, aspirin |
| Prognosis | |
| Frequency | |
| Deaths | |
A condition involving a tear in the cervical arteries
Cervical Artery Dissection[edit]
Cervical artery dissection is a condition where there is a tear in one of the major arteries in the neck, specifically the carotid artery or the vertebral artery. This tear can lead to the formation of a blood clot, which may result in a stroke if the clot travels to the brain.
Pathophysiology[edit]
Cervical artery dissection occurs when there is a tear in the tunica intima, the innermost layer of the artery wall. This tear allows blood to enter the arterial wall and form a hematoma, which can lead to stenosis or complete occlusion of the artery. The dissection can also create a false lumen, which may lead to an aneurysm.
Causes[edit]
The exact cause of cervical artery dissection is not always clear, but it can be associated with:
- Trauma to the neck, such as from a car accident or sports injury.
- Connective tissue disorders, such as Ehlers-Danlos syndrome or Marfan syndrome.
- Hypertension and other vascular risk factors.
Symptoms[edit]
Symptoms of cervical artery dissection can vary but often include:
- Sudden onset of severe headache or neck pain.
- Horner's syndrome, characterized by ptosis, miosis, and anhidrosis.
- Ischemic stroke symptoms, such as weakness or numbness on one side of the body, difficulty speaking, or vision changes.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of cervical artery dissection typically involves imaging studies such as:
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA).
- Computed tomography angiography (CTA).
- Ultrasound of the neck vessels.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for cervical artery dissection may include:
- Anticoagulation therapy to prevent clot formation.
- Antiplatelet therapy, such as aspirin.
- In some cases, surgical intervention or endovascular procedures may be necessary.
Prognosis[edit]
The prognosis for individuals with cervical artery dissection varies. Many patients recover fully with appropriate treatment, but some may experience long-term neurological deficits if a stroke occurs.
