Superior mesenteric artery

Superior Mesenteric Artery

The Superior Mesenteric Artery (SMA) is a large blood vessel that supplies blood to the midgut. It arises from the anterior surface of the aorta, just below the origin of the celiac trunk, and supplies the intestine from the lower part of the duodenum through two-thirds of the transverse colon, as well as the pancreas.

Anatomy

The SMA originates from the aorta, and it runs into the mesentery, where it branches out to the various parts of the midgut. The artery is usually located between the pancreas and the duodenum. The SMA gives off several branches, which include the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery, jejunal and ileal arteries, ileocolic artery, right colic artery, and middle colic artery.

Clinical significance

The SMA plays a crucial role in the circulation of the gastrointestinal tract. Blockage of the SMA, known as superior mesenteric artery syndrome, can lead to serious complications, including intestinal ischemia, infarction, and gangrene. This condition requires immediate medical attention.

See also

• Inferior mesenteric artery
• Celiac artery
• Mesenteric ischemia
• Superior mesenteric artery syndrome

References

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